Hydrocarbons

Question 1

Carbon

Answer 1

Over 90% of all compounds contain carbon

Question 2

Hydrocarbons

Answer 2

CH4
- Carbon needs 4 more shells to gain full outer shell
- Which needs 4 hydrogen atoms
- Now the molecule has 4 pairs of bonding electrons
- This molecules is called hydrocarbon

Question 3

Naming hydrocarbons

Answer 3

They use prefixes depending on the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
Followed by - ane
1. Meth-
2. Eth-
3. Prop-
4. But-
5. Pent-
6. Hex-
7. Hept-
8. Oct-
9. Non-
10. Dec-

Question 4

Alkanes

Answer 4

Methane (CH4) is the first of a group of hydrocarbons
- Alkanes only contain carbon-carbon single covalent bonds so that they are said to be saturated (containing greatest possible number of hydrogen atoms)

Question 5

Combustion reactions

Answer 5

Hydrocarbon name + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water
The reaction produces heat and light

Question 6

Rule for alkane

Answer 6

C↓n H↓2n+2

Question 7

Balancing Combustion reactions

Answer 7

Use CHOS method
C: Carbon atoms
H: Hydrogen atoms
O: Oxygen atons
S: add the states