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Systems 1 > Hydraulic Systems Introduction > Flashcards

Hydraulic Systems Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

What is hydraulics?

A

Use of fluid pressure to transmit force.

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2
Q

What are the advantages of hydraulic systems?

A
  1. Less space required
  2. Less complex, lighter support system
  3. No friction or backlash
  4. Fewer inaccuracies
  5. Less weight in comparison
  6. Less power lost through the system
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3
Q

What are the principles of hydraulics based off of? Define this principle and what is equation?

A
  • Pascal’s Law
  • When a force is applied to a fluid in an enclosed container, the resulting pressure in the fluid acts equally in all directions.
  • P = F/A
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4
Q

Explain hydraulics in a closed system

A
  • Pressure is equal throughout the system because hydraulic fluid in the cylinders is incompressible
  • Force against the piston in the larger cylinder is greater because of the larger piston area.
  • Greater piston surface area equals greater force with equal pressure.
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5
Q

What is a common example of hydraulic system?

A

Aircraft brake system

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6
Q

What are some key properties of hydraulic fluids?

A
  1. Incompressibility
  2. Low viscosity
  3. Non-corrosiveness
  4. Inflammability
  5. Non-toxicity
  6. Low freezing point
  7. Stability
  8. Low volatility
  9. Colour
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7
Q

What could result if the wrong hydraulic fluid is used?

A

May cause hoses and seals to disintegrate which will cause the system to malfunction

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8
Q

What will occur if two different hydraulic fluids are mixed?

A

May result in gelling or coagulation which could lead to hydraulic system failure.

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9
Q

Do hydraulic fluids undergo some chemicals changes during normal operations?

A

Yes

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10
Q

Where can you access a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for hydraulic fluid?

A

MSDS Compliance Management System

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11
Q

What are the 8 common components of a hydraulic system?

A
  1. Reservoir
  2. Pumps
  3. Pressure regulator
  4. An accumulator
  5. Check valves
  6. Relief valves
  7. Selectors
  8. Actuators
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12
Q

What are some systems operated by hydraulics?

A
  1. Brakes
  2. Landing Gear
  3. Flight Control Surfaces
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13
Q

What are some components of Landing Gear (LG) Systems that use hydraulics?

A
  1. Struts - for example a shock strut, which assists in absorbing the load of the aircraft on landing.
  2. Actuators - to transmit fluid pressure into mechanical force
  3. Valves - to sequence hydraulic events
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14
Q

What is the key to the hydraulic system’s ability to function properly?

A

The ability to hold pressure.

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15
Q

What can lead to significantly impact hydraulic pressure?

A
  • Loss of fluid and pressure
  • Potential implications caused by the inducement of air.
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16
Q

What is an indication that air has entered the hydraulic system?

A
  • Degraded system performance
  • Audible knocking
  • Corrosion if the air is moist.
17
Q

What are some methods of hydraulic system performance monitoring?

A
  1. System pressure gauge
  2. Warning lights that illuminate when system pressure varies outside of the stipulated parameters.
18
Q

Without manual reversion to manipulate flight controls, how may an aircraft still be able to generate hydraulic power?

A
  1. Standby electrical pump
  2. Emergency hydraulic accumulators
  3. Engine-driven pumps
  4. Air-driven pump
  5. Ram-air turbine
19
Q

What is the hydraulic reservoir?

A

Hydraulic fluid tank - holds the required amount hydraulic fluid

20
Q

What is the hydraulic power pump?

A

Supplies the fluid pressure for the hydraulic system

21
Q

What is the hydraulic filter?

A

Filters out any debris that may damage the system

22
Q

What is the hydraulic pressure regulator?

A

Maintains a desired pressure for the system

23
Q

What is the purpose of the hydraulic accumulator?

A
  • Is a steel cylinder with floating piston that separates fluid from gas
  • Supplies a reserve of pressure for the system in the way of stored energy.
24
Q

What is the purpose of hydraulic non return valves?

A

Prevent reverse flow of hydraulic fluid

25
Q

What is the purpose of a hydraulic hand pump?

A

Supplies fluid pressure by hand, only used in emergencies.

26
Q

What is the hydraulic pressure gauge?

A

Displays the systems pressure and limits

27
Q

What is the hydraulic relief valve?

A

A safety valves that limits the amount of pressure being applied to a liquid in a closed system.

28
Q

What is the hydraulic selector valve?

A

Control the direction of movement of the actuator

29
Q

What is the hydraulic actuating unit?

A

Converts the fluid pressure energy into mechanical force

Systems 1 (12 decks)

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