Hydration Quiz Medications Flashcards
Pharmocological:LoopDiuretics; Therapeutic:Antihypertensive; Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption at the proximal and distal tubules and the ascending loop of Henle.
furosemide (Lasix)
Therapeutic class: Antacids
Pharmacologic class: Aluminum salts;Neutralizes acid in GI tract, elevates gastric pH to reduce pepsin activity, strengthens gastric mucosal barrier, and increases esophageal sphincter tone.
aluminum hydroxide aluminum hydroxide(Alterna-GEL)
Therapeutic class: Antacids
Pharmacologic class: Magnesium salts
-Reduces total acid load in GI tract, elevates gastric pH to reduce pepsin activity, strengthens gastric mucosal barrier, and increases esophageal sphincter tone.
magnesium oxide(Maox)
Therapeutic class: Potassium supplements
Pharmacologic class: Potassium salts
Replaces potassium and maintains potassium level.
*Must be diluted never push as bolus and never give IM or SQ; rate should never exceed 20mEq/hour; maximum safe infusion rate is 5-10mEq/hour; Pt must be voiding before and during
IV & PO potassium chloride K-
Therapeutic class: Diuretics
Pharmacologic class: Potassium-sparing diuretics–aldosterone receptor antagonists
Antagonizes aldosterone in the distal tubules, increasing sodium and water excretion.
spironolactone (Aldactone)
Therapeutic class: Potassium supplements
Pharmacologic class: Potassium salts
Replaces potassium and maintains potassium level.
potassium acetate
Therapeutic class: Calcium supplements
Pharmacologic class: Calcium salts
Replaces calcium and maintains calcium level.
IV & PO calcium chloride
Therapeutic class: Electrolyte replacements Pharmacologic class: Minerals
Replaces magnesium and maintains magnesium level; as an anticonvulsant, reduces muscle contractions by interfering with release of acetylcholine at myoneural junction. Give no faster than 150mg/min or 67 mEq in 8 hrs
magnesium sulfate
Therapeutic class: Diuretics
Pharmacologic class: Thiazide diuretics
Increases sodium and water excretion by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in distal segment of the nephron.
hydrochlorothiazide(Microzide, Oretic, Urozide)
Therapeutic class: Antacids
Pharmacologic class: Calcium salts
Reduces total acid load in GI tract, elevates gastric pH to reduce pepsin activity, strengthens gastric mucosal barrier, and increases esophageal sphincter tone.
calcium carbonate (Rolaids, TUMS, Mylanta)
Therapeutic class: Laxatives
Pharmacologic class: Acid salts
Saline laxative that produces an osmotic effect in the small intestine by drawing water into the intestinal lumen.
IV sodium phosphate(Fleet Enema, Pedia LAX)
Therapeutic class: Calcium supplements
Pharmacologic class: Calcium salts
Replaces calcium and maintains calcium level
calcium acetate(Eliphos, PhosLo Gelcaps, Phoslyra)
Therapeutic class: Antihypocalcemics Pharmacologic class: Vitamin D analogues
Stimulates calcium absorption from the GI tract and promotes movement of calcium from bone to blood.
calcitriol (Calcijex, Rocaltrol, Vectical)
Therapeutic class: Diuretics
Pharmacologic class: Osmotic diuretics
Increases osmotic pressure of glomerular filtrate, thus inhibiting tubular reabsorption of water and electrolytes. Drug elevates plasma osmolality and increases urine output (Pulls fluid from cells)
mannitol (Osmitrol)
Therapeutic class: Potassium-removing resins Pharmacologic class: Cation-exchange resins
Exchanges sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestine: 1 g of sodium polystyrene sulfonate is exchanged for 0.5 to 1 mEq of potassium; the resin is then eliminated. Much of the exchange capacity is used for calcium, magnesium, and possibly fats and proteins.
sodium polystyrene sulfonate(Kalexate, Kayexalate, Kionex, SPS)
