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1523 Adult Health > Exam 1:Hydration > Flashcards

Exam 1:Hydration Flashcards

1
Q

what is normal pH?

A

7.35-7.45

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2
Q

what is normal CO2?

A

35-45

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3
Q

what is normal HCO3?

A

22-26

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4
Q

what is normal Magnesium (Mg) levels?

A

1.5-2.5

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5
Q

What is normal Phosphorus (PO4) levels?

A

2.5-4.5

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6
Q

What is normal Potassium (K+) levels?

A

3.5-5.2

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7
Q

What is normal Calcium (Ca+) levels?

A

8.5-10

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8
Q

What is normal Sodium (Na+) levels?

A

135-145

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9
Q

What is normal Chloride (Cl-) levels?

A

98-106

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10
Q

What are the following signs and symptoms of: diarrhea, Nausea, confusion, weakness, restless, anorexia, possible seizures, thirst, headaches, hypotension, Rapid pulse

A

Hyponatremia

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11
Q

What are the following s&s of: SSALT (Swollen tongue, skin flushed, agitated, low grade fever, thirst, sticky mucous membranes)

A

Hypernatremia

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12
Q

What are the following S&S of: Hyperactive DTRs, tetany, muscle(hypertonicity), weakness, twitching, slow shallow respirations, cardiac dysrhythmias, water excess

A

Hypochloremia

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13
Q

What are the following S&S of: tachypnea, weakness, lethargy, deep and rapid respirations, diminished cognitive ability, hypertension

A

Hyperchloremia

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14
Q

What are the following S&S of: SUCTION(Skeletal muscle weakness, Increased U-waves, Cardiac arrythmias, constipation, toxicity of digitalis, irregular pulse, orthostatic hypotension, numbness); flat or inverted T waves

A

Hypokalemia

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15
Q

What are the following S&S of: MURDER (muscle weakness, urine oliguria, respiratory distress, decreased cardiac contractility, ECG(high T’s), Reflexes (hyperreflexia, flaccid)

A

Hyperkalemia

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16
Q

What are the following S&S of:STANC(Spams/Stridors/Seizures, Tetany, Arrythmias, Numbness, Convulsions), prolonged ST QT, decreased PTH, larygospasms; slow clotting time

A

Hypocalcemia

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17
Q

What are the following S&S of: Shortened QT and ST intervals, increased blood clots, Moans(fatigue), Groans(constipation), Bones(bone pain), Stones(kidney stones), Pyschiatric overtones(depressed, confusion), Can’t pick up the phone(muscle weakness,lack of cordination), Flanc pain

A

Hypercalcemia

18
Q

What are the two tests to determine hypocalcemia?

A

Chvostek’s sign and Trosseau’s sign

19
Q

What are the following S&S of: decreased stroke volume and CO, hypoxia, Rhabdomyolysis(breakdown of muscles), decreased bone density, Resp. failure

A

Hypophosphorus

20
Q

What are the following S&S of: CHEMO (Cardio irregularities, hyper refelxia, eating poorly, muscle weakness, and oliguria)

A

Hyperphosphorus

21
Q

What is Calicum on a teeter-totter with?

A

Phosphorus

22
Q

What are the following S&S of: STARVED(Seizures, Tetany, Anorexia or Arrythmias, Rapid heart rate, Vomitting, Emotional liability, Deep tendon reflexes), Hyperexcitability, hallucinations

A

Hypomagnesemia

23
Q

What are the following S&S of: everything slows down, prolonged PR intervals widens out; Decreased HR, vasodilation, decreased RR

A

Hypermagnesemia

24
Q

If MAG OUT (levels are high) we do what

A

we drop down, everything slows down

25
Q

If the MAG is put away (levels are low) we do what

A

We party like crazy and turn down for what

26
Q

A loss of lower GI causes Metabolic what?

A

Metabolic Acidosis

27
Q

A loss of from upper GI cause Metabolic what?

A

Metabolic Alkalosis

28
Q

Hypoventilation causes Respiratory what?

A

Respiratory Acidosis

29
Q

Hyperventilation causes respiratory what

A

Respiratory Alkalosis

30
Q

What are the following common causes of: excessive sweating, diuretics, hypoaldosterone, renal disease, low-salt diet, renal failure

A

hyponatremia

31
Q

What are the following common causes of: hyperaldosteronism, excessive ingestion of Na+, corticosteroids, Renal failure, OCCURS more

A

hypernatremia

32
Q

What are the following commone causes of: poor oral intake, V&D, suctioning, laxatives, blood transfusion, metabolic alkalosis, decreased Na levels, diuretics

A

hypochloremia

33
Q

What are the following common causes of: RARE TO OCCUR ALONE, loss of bicarbonate, head trauma, decreased GFR

A

hyperchloremia

34
Q

What are the following common causes of: alkalosis, hyperaldosterone, water intoxication, and suction

A

Hypokalemia

35
Q

What are the following common causes of: administration of K+, renal failure, Acidosis, blood transfusion, uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus

A

Hyperkalemia

36
Q

What are the following common causes of: Inadequate oral intake, lactose intolerant, inadequate vitamin D

A

Hypocalcemia

37
Q

What are the following common causes of: Malignancy, hyperparathyroidism, excessive oral intake, renal failure, diuretics, immobilization, Paget’s disease, Sarcoidosis, Milks alkali syndrome, addison’s disease

A

Hypercalcemia

38
Q

What are the following common causes of: malnourishment, alcoholic withdrawal, DKA, major thermal burn, increased Ca+

A

Hypophosphorus

39
Q

What are the following common causes of: Renal failure, certain cancer treatments, hypoparathyroidism

A

Hyperphosphorus

40
Q

What are the following common causes of: Alcoholism, laxative abuse, diuretics, DKA, diarrhea, increased urinary output

A

Hypomagnesemia

41
Q

What are the following common causes of: RARE TO OCCUR, renal failure, tissue injury, pregnancy induced hypertension, eating a lot of antacids, untreated DKA

A

Hypermagnesemia

1523 Adult Health (4 decks)

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