Hydantoins

Question 1

Hydantoins Prototype

Answer 1

Phenytoin

Question 2

Phenytoin Indications

Answer 2

Control of tonic–clonic and psychomotor seizures, prevention of seizures during neurosurgery, control of status epilepticus.

Question 3

Phenytoin Actions

Answer 3

Stabilizes neuronal membranes and prevents hyperexcitability caused by excessive stimulation; limits the spread of seizure activity from an active focus; has cardiac antiarrhythmic effects similar to those of lidocaine.

Question 4

Phenytoin Route

Answer 4

Oral, IV

Question 5

Phenytoin Adverse Effects

Answer 5

Nystagmus, ataxia, dysarthria, slurred speech, mental confusion, dizziness, fatigue, tremor, headache, dermatitis, Stevens–Johnson syndrome, nausea, gingival hyperplasia, liver damage, hematopoietic complications, sometimes fatal.