HY Nutrients Flashcards
Vitamin A precursors
provitamin A carotenoids
T/F
vitamin E supplements should be recommended
false, can be harmful
vitamin K functions
- blood coagulation
- proteins in bone (osteocalcin)
Which fat soluble vitamin is specifically repleted in newborns?
vitamin K
vitamin C
- poor wound healing
- bleeding gums
- perifollicular hyperkeratosis
- petechial hemorrhage
- coiled hair
causes of thiamin deficiency
- EtOH abuse
- poor dietary intake
- persistent vomiting
- hyperemesis gravidarum
- post bariatric surgery
- refeeding syndrome
Beriberi
thiamin deficiency
peripheral edema, cardiomegaly, tachycardia
Wernicke-Korsakoff
thiamin deficiency
progressive CNS disorder (ataxia, confusion, amnesia, confabulation)
Niacin deficiency
4Ds dermatitis diarrhea dementia death
folate deficiency
macrocytic anemia
neural tube defects
B12 deficiency
via intrinsic factor deficiency, atrophic gastritis
- ->megaloblastic anemia
- ->neurologic: ataxia, impaired memory, mood changes
- -> glossitis
vitamin B6 deficiency risk factors
- poor intake
- alcohol abuse
- medication use (ISONIAZID, corticosteroids)
isoniazid –> deficiency of
B6
B6 deficiency
weakness/fatigue confusion glossitis peripheral neuropathy UL: neuropathy
Phytates impair
Fe (non-heme) and Zn absorption
What helps Fe absorption?
vitamin C
Things that impair non-heme absorption
polyphenols (tannins) oxalic acid phytates (veg, fruits, grains) Ca Zn
corkscrew hairs
vitamin C deficiency
Kolilonychia
Fe deficiency
Zn deficiency
-skin rashes around orfices (mouth, anus, perineum) and extremities
impaired wound healing (decubitus ulcers)
Who is at risk for Cu deficiency?
- post gastric bypass surgery
- Zn supplements
- celiac disease
- B12 deficiency
