Huta article (week3) Flashcards
in what terms have eudaimonia and hedonia been defined?
Orientations: personal priorities, reasons, motives, values and goals behind a person’s chosen behaviors (e.g. seeking to frow and mature as a person, seeking pleasure). A good life
- Behaviors: specific behaviors a person engages in, including actions and thoughts (e.g. planning personal goals, attending big parties)
- Experiences: subjective emotions, feelings, and cognitive-affective appraisals (e.g. feeling of meaning/value, feeling of positive affect). Well-being
- Functioning: abilities, accomplishments, and healthy habits, often acquired after an extended period of eudaimonic/hedonic orientation and behavior (e.g. self-regulation, being good at savoring). Well-being
what can oriwntations and behaviours be called and why?
ways of living, because they can be more directly chosen and changed that the latter two categories
what can experienced and functioning be called?
Experiences and functioning are often outcomes of way of living.
why are eudaimonia and hedonia are defined primarily as orientations?
We can choose our way of life more directly than our experiences or functioning. Good
feelings tend come in their own time, as by-products of healthy choices. High levels of functioning are often outcomes as well-being achieved after long periods of certain way of living. Thus, way of living are more direct points of intervention than well-being outcomes.
orientations are more fundamental than behaviors.
Two people can exhibit the same surface of behavior for very different reasons (donate to enhance public image or to be empathetic). It is the underlying reason that matters most.
what are the 4 core elements of eudaimonic orientation?
Authenticity: clarifying one’s true self and values and acting in accord with them
- Meaning: seeking what truly matters and has value, and understanding the bigger
picture, aligning oneself with it, and contributing to it
- Excellence: striving for high standards and quality in one’s ethics, behavior, performance
and products
- Growth: gaining knowledge, insight, and skills; actualizing one’s unique potentials; and
maturing as a human being.
what are the elements of hedonic orientation?
- Pleasure: positive emotions, pleasant sensations, and emotional/visceral satisfaction
- Comfort: relaxation, ease, and painlessness
what measure is used to assess eudaimonic and hedonic orientations
HEMA
how many levels and at what levels can HEMA be used at?
3.
Trait level: to inquire about a person’s general or typical
orientations to life
- State level: to inquire about a person’s orientations at a given
moment or during a specific period of time-
Situational level: to inquire about a person’s orientations toward a specific type of activity (e.g. favourite leisure activity)
what is the 5th element that has been added to HEMA-R and why?
meaning (seeking to contribute to others or the surrounding world) because research showed that most definitions of eudaimonia included the concept of meaning (caring about and contributing to the bigger picture).
what is eudaimonia more related to in terms of personal well-being experiences, need satisfaction and health behaviours?
eudaimonia is more related to feelings of meaning, elevation, self-connectedness, interest/ engagement/flow, accomplishment, and personal expressiveness; the satisfaction of psychological needs, especially the need for competence; and physical exercise.
what is hedonia more related to in terms of personal well-being, experiences and need satisfaction?
Hedonia is more related to carefreeness, certain measures of positive affect (especially in short term); getting more sleep; and consuming more alcohol. Also, stronger negative links with negative affect and distress.
what is eudaimonia links with thinking and contributing beyond the self, the present moment, and the concrete
eudaimonia was more linked with contributing to the well-being of other people and the world, thinking beyond the present moment, and abstract thinking (seeing beyond the concrete features of activities to their broader implications). So, eudaimonia is more linked with the “broad scope of concern” than hedonia, including: positively impacting well-being of close friends and relatives; positively impacting one’s children; and altruistic behavior and values, pro-environmental behavior and values, and thinking about the future.
eudaimonia related more to valuing personal ambition and influence.
involves a balance of self-focused and broad concerns.
explain links with the behaviour of ones parents
Parents who were both demanding and responsive had children who pursued eudaimonia as adults, whereas parenting styles were unrelated to adult children’s hedonia. This suggests that the development of eudaimonia may require greater parental investment than the development of hedonia. Moreover, research showed that adult children pursued eudaimonia whether their parents only verbally endorsed eudaimonia or actually role modelled eudaimonia; the same was true for hedonia. However, adult children only derived high levels of well-being from their eudaimonic pursuits if their parents had actually role modelled eudaimonia; again, the same was true for hedonia.
Eudaimonic and hedonic pursuits are both beneficial for personal well-being, but they are linked with different well-being experiences and benefits. What does this suggest?
This suggests that the combination of eudaimonia and hedonia is linked with more complete well-being than either orientation alone. It has also been linked with a higher degree of well-being than either orientation alone.
Hedonia is more linked with well-being in short-term, and eudaimonia more with long-term.
On which level has hedonic pursuit had the largest advantage?
the largest advantage of hedonic pursuits has been found at the state level (in the short-term), especially in the case of positive affect, carefreeness, vitality, and low negative affect.
