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Eastern Europe > Hungary > Flashcards

Hungary Flashcards

1
Q

What is the capital of Hungary?

A

Budapest

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2
Q

Where in Hungary is the Tokaj region?

A

NE corner

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3
Q

At the confluence of what two rivers is Tokaj?

A

Tisza and Bodrog

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4
Q

What river actually runs along the eastern border of Tokaj

A

Bodrog

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5
Q

What was the Tokaj region formerly known as?

A

Tokaj-Hegyalja

Tokaj “foothills”

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6
Q

When was Tokaj first classified? By who?

A
  • 1700 (or maybe 1730, not definitive)
  • Transylvanian Prince Rákóczy
  • delimited 28 villages
  • 1st, 2nd, 3rd growths
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7
Q

What is aszú

A
  • originally signified desiccated grapes

- evolved to indicate grapes of high sugar levels afflicted with botrytis cinerea

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8
Q

What came first, aszú wines of Tokaj or Rhine or Sauternes?

A

Tokaj came first!

-definitely by mid 1600s, about a C before Rhine

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9
Q

What wine is known as the “wine of kings and the king of wines?

A

Tokaji

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10
Q

Why did quality of Hungarian wines suffer in 19th c?

A

Communism

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11
Q

When was fall of communism

A

1989

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12
Q

Top estates in Tokaj

A
  • Royal Tokaji Company (Hugh Johnson)
  • Tokaj Oremus (Vega Sicilia)
  • Disznókõ (AXA Millésimes - Ch.Pichon Long.)
  • Királyudvar (Hwang fam - also owns Huet)
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13
Q

Tokaji vs Tokaj?

A

Tokaji - refers to wine - adjectival

Tokaj - region

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14
Q

What mountains shelter the Tokaji region?

A

Carpathian

also at base of Zemplen

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15
Q

Climate of Tokaj

A

warm continental

humid autumn

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16
Q

Soils of Tokaj

A

Volcanic loess and clay

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17
Q

Best aspect in Tokaj

A

South facing

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18
Q

What is the Tokaj Renaissance

A

Producers association devoted to protection of concept of 1st, 2nd 3rd growths initially declared by Rákócsy

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19
Q

How many 1st growth vineyards in Hungary?

What are the two Great 1st Growths?

A

74 vineyards are 1st growth

  • Szarvas (near Tokaj)
  • Mézes Mály (Near Tarcal)
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20
Q

2 principle grapes of Tokaj?

Other grapes?

A

Furmint, Hárslevelú

Sargamuskotály (muscat)
Zéta
Kabar
Kövérszóló

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21
Q

What makes Furmint ideal for Tokaji Aszú?

A
  • particularly susceptible to botrytis

- high in acid

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22
Q

What is a puttony? Size?

A

25 kg container for handpicked aszú grapes

Puttonyos is adjective

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23
Q

What is Esszencia

A

syrupy, free-run juice that settles out of the aszú must

-450 g/l RS

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24
Q

What is a gönc

A

Hungarian oak cask of approximately 136 L

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25
Q

How is final sweetness of Tokaji Aszuú determined?

A

number of puttony added to a gönc of must/base wine from non-aszú grapes

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26
Q

What year did major revisions affect the labeling of puttonyos?

A

starting 2013

27
Q

How is puttonyos legally used on labels from 2013 onward?

A

Puttonyos labeling is permitted for marketing purposes only

  • 3&4 puttonyos: min. 120 g/l of residual sugar
  • 6 puttonyos: min 150 g/l of residual sugar
28
Q

Requirements for modern Tokaj Aszú wines?

A
  • Simply labeled Aszú
  • ages 3 yrs, 18 month in barrel
  • min 120 g/L RS
  • min alc. 9%
29
Q

What is typical ending alcohol of Esszencia?

A

4-6%

legal min is 1.2%-8%

30
Q

What was Aszúeszencia

A

Former category between 6 puttonyos and essencia (180 g/l - 450

31
Q

What is Tokaji Szamorodni?

A

“as it comes”

  • mixture of aszú and non-aszú grapes
  • often oxidative
  • matured in cask min 2 years
  • sometimes under flor-like yeast film
32
Q

What is édes and száras?

A
  • édes - sweet - min. 45 g/l
  • száras - dry - max 9 g/l

*can be appended to Tokaji Szamorodni, Fordítás and Máslás

33
Q

How are Fordítás and Máslás Tokaji wines made?

A

Fordítás - refermented with pressed paste of Tokaji Aszú

Máslás - refermented with spent lees of Tokaji Aszú

34
Q

What producers association committed to elevating the stature of dry wines from Tokaj did István Szepsy help found?

A

Circle of Mád

35
Q

What is Késői szüretelésű bor

A

Hungarian late harvest wines

36
Q

What is Fehér bor

A

Hungarian white table wines

37
Q

What is Pezsgő

A
  • Hungarian sparkling wines from Tokaj
  • Minimum Pressure: 3.5 bars
  • Minimum Residual Sugar: 15 g/l
38
Q

Hungarian word for wine?

A

bor

39
Q

When did Tokaj successful gain sole rights to provenance of its name?

A

2007

  • in Alsace - Pinot Gris no longer Tokay d’Alsace
  • in Italy - Tocai Friulano now just Friulano
40
Q

3 major geographical zones of Hungary

A
  • North Hungary (Észak Magyarország)
  • Transdanubia (Dunántúl)
  • Great Plain (Duna)
41
Q

What is Észak Magyarország

A

North Hungary

42
Q

What is the Danube river known as in Hungary?

A

Duna

43
Q

PDOs of North Hungary

A
  • Bükk PDO
  • Debrői Hárslevelű PDO
  • Eger PDO
  • Mátra PDO
  • Tokaj PDO
44
Q

What is OEM and OFJ?

A
  • OEM: (Hungarian term for PDO wines)

- OFJ: (Hungarian term for PGI wines)

45
Q

What is Egri Bikavér?

A

“Bull’s blood of Eger”

46
Q

Historical main grape of Bikavér? How is it made in modern times?

A
  • Historically - Kadarka

- Modern - blend of at least 3, including Kékofrankos (Blaufränkisch)

47
Q

Two most important PDOs in North Hungary?

A
  • Tokaj PDO

- Eger PDO

48
Q

What is Kékofrankos

A

Blaufränkisch

49
Q

What two PDOs are permitted to use Bikavér on labels?

A
  • Eger (North Hungary)

- Szekszárd (Transdanubia)

50
Q

OG puttonyos RS amounts

A

3 Puttonyos - 60 g/L
4 Puttonyos - 90 g/L
5 Puttonyos - 120 g/L
6 Puttonyos - 150 g/L

51
Q

What is the largest lake in Central Europe?

A

Lake Balaton - Eastern Hungary

22nd largest in Europe

52
Q

Important PDOs of Transdanubia

A

Badascsony
Balatonfüred-Csopak - these two on northern shores of Lake Balaton
Somló - NW of Lake on slopes of extinct volcano
Villány - Southern along Croatian border
Sopron - NW - contiguous with Austria’s Burgenland
Szekszard - can use Bikavér on labels

53
Q

What color grapes dominate Badascsony, Balatonfüred-Csopak, Somló in Transdanubia?

A

White grapes

  • furmint
  • juhfark - Somlo
  • olaszrizling (Welschriesling)
54
Q

What is the name for Welschriesling in Hungary?

A

Olaszrizling

55
Q

Where are red grapes found in Transdanubia?

A

extreme south and north

  • Villány
  • Sopron
56
Q

Main grapes of Villány?

A
  • BDX varietals
  • Kékofrankos
  • Kékoportó (Blauer Portugieser)
57
Q

Main grape of Sopron

A
  • Kékofrankos
  • contiguous with Bugenland in Austria
  • Blaufränkisch made on both sides of border
58
Q

What is the hottest region in Hungary?

A

Villány

59
Q

Where is the majority of Hungary’s acreage under vine?

A

Great Plain

east of Transdanubia

60
Q

What is the largest region in Hungary?

A
  • Kunság (in Great Plain)

- mass production white wine from indigenous grapes

61
Q

What is Egri Csillag?

A

“Star of Eger”

-white blend

62
Q

Where is the Zemplén forest and why is it notable?

A
  • North of Tokaj on Slovakian border

- Source for Hungarian oak! 3rd most popular after French and American

63
Q

What countries border Hungary?

A

Starting North, going clockwise

Slovakia
Ukraine
Romania
Serbia
Croatia
Austria

Eastern Europe (6 decks)

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