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meteorology > humidity, condensation, and clouds - I > Flashcards

humidity, condensation, and clouds - I Flashcards

1
Q

What is a major source of water in the atmosphere?

A

evaporation from the ocean

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2
Q

What is a major sink in moisture from the atmosphere?

A

precipitation

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3
Q

What percentage of Earth’s freshwater is ice?

A

75%

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4
Q

What is the density of liquid water?

A

~1.0 g/cm*^3

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5
Q

What is the density of ice?

A

~0.9 g/cm^3

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6
Q

What is the density of vapor?

A

~10^-5 g/cm^3

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7
Q

What is the albedo of water?

A

10%

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8
Q

What is the albedo of ice?

A

30-40%

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9
Q

What is the albedo of snow?

A

20-95%

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10
Q

What is the albedo of clouds?

A

30-90%

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11
Q

What is sublimation?

A

state transformation from ice to vapor

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12
Q

What is deposition?

A

state transformation from vapor to solid

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13
Q

What state transformations take heat away from the environment?

A

melting, evaporation, sublimation

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14
Q

Whats state transformations release heat into the environment?

A

condensation, freezing, deposition

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15
Q

What is the molecular weight of water vapor?

A

18 g/mol

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16
Q

What is vapor pressure?

A

pressure exerted by water vapor molecules

17
Q

What is saturation vapor pressure?

A

pressure when the air is completely saturated

18
Q

What is correlated to a higher saturation vapor pressure?

A

higher temperature

19
Q

What is absolute humidity?

A

mass of water vapor/volume of air

20
Q

What is specific humidity?

A

mass of water vapor/total mass of air

21
Q

What is mixing ratio?

A

mass of water vapor/mass of dry air

22
Q

What is relative humidity?

A

vapor pressure/saturation vapor pressure, a percentage of the humidity in an environment in comparison to its maximum capacity for humidity

23
Q

When you add/remove moisture, what happens to relative humidity?

A

add moisture = relative humidity goes up
remove moisture = relative humidity goes down

24
Q

When you cool/warm temperature, what happens to relative humidity?

A

cooling = relative humidity goes up
warming = relative humidity goes down

25
Q

When is the highest relative humidity?

A

in the early morning when it is the most cool

26
Q

When is the lowest relative humidity?

A

in the later afternoon during the warmest part of the day

27
Q

What is dew point temperature?

A

temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated

28
Q

Compare the relative humidity of a polar region and a hot desert with the same absolute humidity.

A

The relative humidity of a polar region is higher than the relative humidity of a hot desert because the polar region is closer to its maximum capacity than the hot desert is.

meteorology (8 decks)

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