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Therapy > Humanistic-Existential Approaches 2 > Flashcards

Humanistic-Existential Approaches 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What do HEPs lack?

A

Evidence

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2
Q

What ‘Common Factors’ are most frequently studied?

A

Accurate empathy, positive regard, congruence or genuineness

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3
Q

Is there growing support for HEPs?

A

Yes, especially with depression

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4
Q

Which 2 therapy techniques are equally effective in reducing depressive symptoms at 4 months?

A

Person-centred therapy and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

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5
Q

Patients in which group are more satisfied with treatment at 12 months?

A

Person-Centred Therapy

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6
Q

When is counselling included as an option?

A

With first- line treatment for new episodes of less- and more-severe depression

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7
Q

What are some interventions for less-severe depression?

A

Guided self-help, Group exercise and Counselling

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8
Q

What are some interventions for more-severe depression?

A

CBT, Antidepressant medication and short term psychodynamic psychotherapy

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9
Q

Define School-based Humanistic Counselling

A

Non-directive, based on work of Rogers

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10
Q

What does SBHC assume?

A

Distress is brought about by acting in accordance with extrinsic demands rather than intrinsic authentic needs

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11
Q

What does SBHC promote?

A

Self-awareness, self-acceptance and actualisation

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12
Q

What type of demographic is SBHC for?

A

Young people, 13-16, experiencing moderate-high psychological distress

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13
Q

What did McArthur et al. find with SBHC?

A

It may be effective in reducing psychological distress

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14
Q

What is two limitations from McArthur et al.’s study?

A

Small sample and lacks diversity

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15
Q

What did Pearce et al. find in a more ethically-diverse sample of McArthur et al.’s study?

A

It supported it but only short-term effectiveness was demonstrated

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16
Q

What did Freire et al. find in relation to McArthur et al.’s study?

A

There were observable improvements at 6 months

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17
Q

What ethical obligation is there for psychotherapists?

A

To develop cultural sensitivity

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18
Q

What can minority groups experience? What can this lead to?

A

Prejudice and marginalisation, leading to poor mental health

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19
Q

What worldview do western psychotherapies support? What can this lead to?

A

Monocultural worldview, can lead to ethnocentrism

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20
Q

Define worldview

A

How individuals define themselves and how they relate to others

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21
Q

What core value is distinguished in eastern cultures- individualism (western)?

A

Collectivism

22
Q

What core value is distinguished in eastern cultures- cognitivism (western)?

A

Emotionalism

23
Q

What core value is distinguished in eastern cultures- free will (western)?

A

Determinism

24
Q

What core value is distinguished in eastern cultures- materialism (western)?

A

Spiritualism

25
Q

What is Derald Sue known for?

A

Work on micro aggressions and implicit racial bias

26
Q

In regards to therapy, what is cultural oppression?

A

Traditional Eurocentric therapeutic approaches which can be harmful to culturally diverse groups

27
Q

What do monocultural views neglect?

A

Multicultural worldviews

28
Q

What does monocultural views fail to consider?

A

Historical & sociopolitical contexts- ignores the role of power and privilege

29
Q

What does monocultural views resist?

A

It resists change as preserve status quo

30
Q

What does multicultural views embrace?

A

Diversity

31
Q

What does multicultural views examine?

A

Own and clients’ worldview

32
Q

What does multicultural views consider?

A

Power differences based on intersecting diversity characteristics

33
Q

What does multicultural views embrace and promote?

A

Change by promoting empowerment and social justice

34
Q

What are 3 ways of addressing the issue of culturally-relevant psychotherapy?

A

More engagement with non-western approaches, adapt existing mainstream therapies to be more culturally sensitive and therapists developing multicultural competencies

35
Q

What does meditation consist of?

A

Mindfulness of breathing and awareness

36
Q

Where does meditation root from?

A

Hinduism, Taoism and Buddhism

37
Q

What does meditation show in regards to stress?

A

Reduction of psychological stress

38
Q

What is Naikan Therapy?

A

In Japanese Buddhism, you find meaning, feel and show gratitude

39
Q

Does Naikan Therapy improve wellbeing?

A

Yes

40
Q

What should you do during PCT in regards to culture?

A

Listen carefully to culturally-relevant cues and ask clients to help therapist’s understanding of cultural context

41
Q

What are some potential barriers with PCT in regards to culture?

A

Therapists as ‘experts’ to give direction, clients reluctant to talk about problems outside family

42
Q

What are the 3 main components of multicultural counselling competencies?

A

Awareness of own assumptions, values and biases; Understanding worldview of culturally different clients; Developing appropriate strategies/techniques

43
Q

What do dominant monocultural approaches lead to?

A

Disempower marginalised groups if therapists are unaware of their own biases

44
Q

In regards to consciousness, what is Microassault?

A

Conscious

45
Q

In regards to consciousness, what is Microinsult and Microinvalidations?

A

Unconscious

46
Q

Define cultural humility

A

Awareness of position in relation to power and privilege

47
Q

What does understanding the worldview of culturally different clients consist of?

A

Cultural experiences/ historical backgrounds, oppressive environmental influences

48
Q

What does developing appropriate strategies in regards to culture therapies consist of?

A

Verbal & non-verbal communication and tailoring a therapeutic relationship

49
Q

What do clients rating their therapists as culturally humble also report?

A

Better therapy outcomes

50
Q

What is the Dodo Bird Effect?

A

The finding that different types of therapies lead to comparable sized effects in outcomes

Therapy (3 decks)

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