Humanistic Approach Flashcards
What are the assumptions of humanistic psychology?
1) emphasises the importance of subjective experience as humans are self-determining and have free will
2) humans are all striving towards self-actualisation
What is free will?
Notion that humans can make choices and are not determined by internal biological or external forces
What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
1) a series of stages based on having certain types of needs fulfilled where personal growth is the central idea
2) we should be changing and developing in order to fully realise our potential
3) all lower needs must be met in order to progress to the next level and reach self-actualisation
4) self-actualisation is a feeling of extreme satisfaction and achieving one’s full potential
What are the main needs in Maslow’s hierarchy?
1) physiological needs (bottom)
2) safety needs
3) belongingness/love needs
4) esteem needs
5) self-actualisation
What did Carl Rogers argue?
1) Personal growth can only be achieved it an individual has congruence
2) congruence is when the self-concept and ideal self are seen to broadly accord or be the same
What is ‘focussing on the self’?
1) How we regard ourselves as individual
2) the self is ideas and values that characterise ‘I’ and ‘we’
What role do ‘conditions of worth’ play in our psychological health?
1) conditions an individual thinks they have to meet in order to be loved and valued/when a parent sets boundaries for their love
2) many problems of low self worth arise from others giving conditional instead of unconditional love
What is the influence on counselling psychology?
1) client-centred therapy has been developed from ideas of the approach
2) relationship between client and therapist is central to nature of therapy
3) therapist responds to client with total acceptance, genuineness, and empathy, and unconditional positive regard
3) aims to improve congruence
