Humanistic Approach

Question 1

Who developed the humanistic approach?

Answer 1

Carl Rogers

Question 2

Why does the humanistic approach move away from science?

Answer 2

Cannot predict behaviour and its causes due to free will

Question 3

Why does the approach take a holistic view?

Answer 3

• Focuses on individual and their experiences being subjective
• Exercise of free will

Question 4

What does the humanistic approach promote?

Answer 4

Personal agency and growth

Question 5

AO1 - General assumptions

Answer 5

Idiographic and holistic approach, free will, personal growth and agencies of change, rejects behaviourist approach (humans =/ animals), rejects psychodynamic approach in being deterministic (dehumanising human thought and behaviour, an optimistic approach

Question 6

AO1 - Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 6

• Self-actualisation concerns personal growth, highest fulfilment in life (meeting congruence) and seeing beauty in the world
• Maslow believes in order to meet the highest stage, 4 basic needs beforehand must be fulfiled.
• Psychological needs (food, water, sleep, etc)
• Safety needs (resources, health and shetler)
• Love and belonging (intimacy, friendship, family)
• Esteem (respect, status, recognition)

Question 7

AO1 - Counselling psychology

Answer 7

• Rogers, in order to grow congruence must be met
• Gap too large leads to incongruence and inability to self-actualise
• Incongruence measured by Q-Sort Test (series of cards containing personal statements
• Roger’s introduced client-centred therapy, therapy altered to individuals and their personal experiences
• Client receiving unconditional positive regard, conditions of worth not attached, reducing incongruence
• Instinctiod tendencies, in the right conditions we can all flourish

Question 8

AO3 - Ethnocentric

Answer 8

E: Ignore cultural difference in Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs
E: different order, different values, western values of individual freedom, autonomy and personal growth

Question 9

AO3 - Lacks Scientific credibility

Answer 9

E: Rogers and Maslow placed little value on scientific psychology
E: No C+E, we cannot know if the approach is useful in its utility

Question 10

AO3 - Personal satisfaction

Answer 10

E: Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs allows for individual fixationon particular set of needs affection satisfaction.
E: Working out unsatisfaction and turning to counselling psychology, promoting persnal growth and becoming an agent of change.