Humanistic

Question 1

What is the main assumption of the humanistic approach?

Answer 1

That, although external factors affect our actions and our attributes, each person is an individual makes decisions on their own

Question 2

What is self-actualisation?

Answer 2

Psychological growth and the fulfilment of one’s potential

Question 3

What are the four steps to reaching self-actualisation and what do they form?

Answer 3

Physiological needs
Safety/security
Social stability
Self-esteem

These are the first 4 ‘rungs’ on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, also known as deficiency needs

Question 4

What is congruence in terms of the self and ideal self?

Answer 4

This is when what a person wants to be and how they perceive themselves are lined up

Question 5

What can ensue if a person’s self and ideal self are to distant from each other?

Answer 5

The person may have negative feelings of self-worth and self actualisation will not be possible

Question 6

What is a common cause of incongruence?

Answer 6

Conditional love at a young age-gaining the idea that love is to be earned

Question 7

What are some advantages of using the humanistic approach?

Answer 7

+Can explain things such as motivation
+Has revolutionised counselling
+Holistic- reviews person as a whole
+Has a positive attitude towards human nature

Question 8

What are some disadvantages of using the humanistic approach?

Answer 8

• Limited evidence
• Limited application
• May not be applicable to some cultures
• Limited evidence