humanistic

Question 1

What are the assumptions of the humanistic approach?

Answer 1

-Humans are still affected by external and internal influences but are overall self-determining and have free will

Question 2

Which approach is more person-centered?

Answer 2

Humanistic

Question 3

Who created the Hierarchy of Needs?

Answer 3

Maslow

Question 4

What is the top of the Hierarchy of Needs?

Answer 4

Self Actualization

Question 5

How many levels are there to the Hierarchy of Needs?

Answer 5

5

Question 6

How does one move through the Hierarchy of Needs?

Answer 6

They must complete the level they are on before they can move onto the next.

Question 7

What are the deficiency needs?

Answer 7

Physiological, Safety, Belongingness and love, Esteem,

Question 8

What is the growth need?

Answer 8

Self Actualization

Question 9

What are the levels of the hierarchy of needs? (from bottom to top)

Answer 9

Physiological, Safety, Belongingness and love, esteem, self actualization

Question 10

What is Self Actualization?

Answer 10

Achieving your full potential

Question 11

What is needed before one can achieve personal growth?

Answer 11

An individual’s concept of self must have congruence with ideal self.

Question 12

What happens if there is too big of a gap between the real self and the ideal self?

Answer 12

-The person will be in a state of incongruence and SA will not be possible

Question 13

Who created client centered therapy?

Answer 13

Rogers

Question 14

What did Rogers explain that most poor self esteem in adulthood can be caused by?

Answer 14

-lack of unconditional positive regard from our parents/ conditions of worth

Question 15

What are conditions of worth?

Answer 15

-boundaries on love for someone, mainly in parent child relationships ‘I will only love you if…’

Question 16

What were people that used Rogers’ therapy referred to as?

Answer 16

Clients rather than patients

Question 17

In client centered therapy, who is the expert to the clients own condition?

Answer 17

-The client

Question 18

How are problems solved in client centered therapy?

Answer 18

-The client is encouraged towards their own solutions within a therapeutic atmosphere that is warm, supportive and non-judgmental

Question 19

What is the role of the therapist in client centered therapy?

Answer 19

-Therapist should provide genuineness, empathy and unconditional positive regard

Question 20

What is the aim of client centered therapy?

Answer 20

Aim is to increase the persons feeling of self-worth, reduce the level of incongruence and help the client become a fully functioning person

Question 21

What are the limitations of the humanistic approach?

Answer 21

-culturally biased
-limited applications

Question 22

What are the strengths of the humanistic approach?

Answer 22

-a positive approach
-not reductionist

Question 23

Explain the limitation of the humanistic approach that it is culturally biased?

Answer 23

-Many of the ideas that are central to Humanistic Psychology, such as individual freedom, autonomy and personal growth, would be more readily associated with individualistic cultures in
the west like USA.
-Collectivist cultures emphasize the needs of the group and interdependence, so may not identify so easily with the ideals and values of humanistic psychology.

Question 24

Explain the limitation of the humanistic approach that it has limited applications?

Answer 24

-Although Rogers’ therapy has revolutionized counseling techniques and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs has been used to explain motivation, the approach still has limited impact on the discipline of Psychology as a whole.
-Has been described not as a comprehensive theory, but a loose set of abstract ideas.

Question 25

Explain the strength of the humanistic approach that it is a positive approach?

Answer 25

-Humanists have been praised for ‘bringing the person back into Psychology’ and promoting the positive image of the human condition.
-Freud (the man who championed the Psychodynamic approach) saw humans as ‘prisoners of our past’- that we are determined by childhood so have no control over our behavior.
-This approach offers a refreshing optimistic alternative; it sees all people as being good, free to work towards the achievement of
their potential and in control of their lives.

Question 26

Explain the strength of the humanistic approach that it is not reductionist?

Answer 26

-Humanists reject any attempt to break up behavior into smaller components, therefore this approach, unlike other approaches isn’t reductionist.
-For example, behaviourist explain human learning in terms of a simple stimulus-response (e.g Pavlov), cognitive supporters see humans as information processing machines, and biological psychologists reduce behavior to simple physiological procedures.
-Holism is the idea that subjective experience can only understood by understanding the whole person.