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AP Biology > Human Use, Soil and Water > Flashcards

Human Use, Soil and Water Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Habitat Change?

A

the process by which humans alter a habitat so that the native species can no longer live there

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2
Q

Define Native Species

A

species that normally live in that habitat and if their habitat changes they could die

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3
Q

How do Humans Change Habitats?

A

agriculture, forestry, and urban development

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4
Q

What is an Example of Habitat Change?

A

southern ontario was once covered in deciduous forest

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5
Q

What is Overexploation?

A

using a resource faster than it can be replaced

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6
Q

What is an Example of Overexploation?

A

water levels are going down because of overusing fishing (overfishing)

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7
Q

Define Pollution

A

any substance added to the environment that produces a condition harmful
to the organisms

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8
Q

What are the Four Kinds of Pollution?

A

air, water, environmental, and point source/non point source

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9
Q

What is Point Source Pollution?

A

pollution that enters a body of water at a specific place from a non identifiable source

ex: oil spills from tankers

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10
Q

What is Non Point Source Pollution?

A

pollution that enters bodies of water indirectly when water from rain or snow travels over land land and picks up pollutants from other sources

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11
Q

What is an Example of Pollution?

A

planes, cars, factories, oil spills

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12
Q

Define an Invasive Species?

A

species that come from another country or place to harm an environment/ecostytem

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13
Q

How does an Invasive Species enter an Environment?

A

it can happen when forigen ships release non native species into the water

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14
Q

What’s an Example of an Invasive Species?

A

the dog strangling vine

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15
Q

What is Sustainable Use?

A

using an ecosystems resources in a way that meets our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations

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16
Q

What is Climate Change?

A

a process causes a loss of biodiversity around the world

17
Q

What is an Example of Climate Change?

A

the arctic is warming faster causing the ice to shrink and break, seas and polar bears have lost their habitats as a result

18
Q

Define Acid Rain

A

when nitrogen and sulphur containing emissions react with water in the atmosphere to form nitric and sulphuric acids which return to the earth as dry fall or acid rain

19
Q

What does Acid Rain do?

A

it can damage leaves, and increase the acidity of soil and waterbodies which decreases the number of organisms that can survive

20
Q

What makes up Top Soil?

A

humus, rock particles, organisms

21
Q

What makes up Sub Soil?

A

little organic material, roots, bacteria

22
Q

What makes up Bedrock?

A

solid rock, water cannot penetrate and forms the water table above the bedrock

23
Q

What is Loam?

A
  • preferred for agriculture
  • multi sized particles
  • lots of humus
  • drains without drying
24
Q

What is Clay Soil?

A
  • extremely small particles
  • tightly packed
  • no air pockets, difficult for roots
  • trapped wtaer
25
Q

What is Sandy Soil?

A
  • large particles of sand
  • large spaces for root growth
  • water drains quickly and removes essential nutrients
  • less fertile than loam
  • near the great lakes
26
Q

Low pH (1- 6)

A

acidic

27
Q

High pH (8 - 14)

A

basic

28
Q

pH of 7

A

neutral

29
Q

Define Erosion

A

the loss of soil by water or wind devastates ecosystems

soil becomes drained of nutrients

30
Q

What does Crop Rotation do?

A

can help restore lost nutrients

31
Q

Define Crop Rotation

A

the practice of planting different crops sequentially on the same plot of land to improve soil health, optimize nutrients in the soil

32
Q

What is Eutrophication?

A

the addition of nutrients to an aquatic ecosystem causing increased growth of plants such as algae

33
Q

What is a Pest?

A

an organism people consider harmful or inconvenient

34
Q

Define Bioamagnification

A

the amount of pesticide in animals higher in the food chain become higher. the higher the trophic level, the greater the level of toxins

35
Q

Define Biomaccumalation

A

pesticides that have chlorine accumulate in the fatty tissue of animals, where it cannot be released

AP Biology (2 decks)

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