Human Use, Soil and Water Flashcards
What is Habitat Change?
the process by which humans alter a habitat so that the native species can no longer live there
Define Native Species
species that normally live in that habitat and if their habitat changes they could die
How do Humans Change Habitats?
agriculture, forestry, and urban development
What is an Example of Habitat Change?
southern ontario was once covered in deciduous forest
What is Overexploation?
using a resource faster than it can be replaced
What is an Example of Overexploation?
water levels are going down because of overusing fishing (overfishing)
Define Pollution
any substance added to the environment that produces a condition harmful
to the organisms
What are the Four Kinds of Pollution?
air, water, environmental, and point source/non point source
What is Point Source Pollution?
pollution that enters a body of water at a specific place from a non identifiable source
ex: oil spills from tankers
What is Non Point Source Pollution?
pollution that enters bodies of water indirectly when water from rain or snow travels over land land and picks up pollutants from other sources
What is an Example of Pollution?
planes, cars, factories, oil spills
Define an Invasive Species?
species that come from another country or place to harm an environment/ecostytem
How does an Invasive Species enter an Environment?
it can happen when forigen ships release non native species into the water
What’s an Example of an Invasive Species?
the dog strangling vine
What is Sustainable Use?
using an ecosystems resources in a way that meets our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations
What is Climate Change?
a process causes a loss of biodiversity around the world
What is an Example of Climate Change?
the arctic is warming faster causing the ice to shrink and break, seas and polar bears have lost their habitats as a result
Define Acid Rain
when nitrogen and sulphur containing emissions react with water in the atmosphere to form nitric and sulphuric acids which return to the earth as dry fall or acid rain
What does Acid Rain do?
it can damage leaves, and increase the acidity of soil and waterbodies which decreases the number of organisms that can survive
What makes up Top Soil?
humus, rock particles, organisms
What makes up Sub Soil?
little organic material, roots, bacteria
What makes up Bedrock?
solid rock, water cannot penetrate and forms the water table above the bedrock
What is Loam?
- preferred for agriculture
- multi sized particles
- lots of humus
- drains without drying
What is Clay Soil?
- extremely small particles
- tightly packed
- no air pockets, difficult for roots
- trapped wtaer
What is Sandy Soil?
- large particles of sand
- large spaces for root growth
- water drains quickly and removes essential nutrients
- less fertile than loam
- near the great lakes
Low pH (1- 6)
acidic
High pH (8 - 14)
basic
pH of 7
neutral
Define Erosion
the loss of soil by water or wind devastates ecosystems
soil becomes drained of nutrients
What does Crop Rotation do?
can help restore lost nutrients
Define Crop Rotation
the practice of planting different crops sequentially on the same plot of land to improve soil health, optimize nutrients in the soil
What is Eutrophication?
the addition of nutrients to an aquatic ecosystem causing increased growth of plants such as algae
What is a Pest?
an organism people consider harmful or inconvenient
Define Bioamagnification
the amount of pesticide in animals higher in the food chain become higher. the higher the trophic level, the greater the level of toxins
Define Biomaccumalation
pesticides that have chlorine accumulate in the fatty tissue of animals, where it cannot be released
