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Geog Facts > Human - Urban Issues and Challenges > Flashcards

Human - Urban Issues and Challenges Flashcards

1
Q

What population of the world lived in cities in 2007?

A

50%

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2
Q

What is the predicted growth of number of mega cities by 2030?

A

28 to 41

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3
Q

Population of Tokyo (mega city) in 2018?

A

37.5 million

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4
Q

Growth of Tokyo between 2000 and 2018?

A

8.8%

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5
Q

Population of Lagos?

A

15 million (biggest city in Nigeria)

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6
Q

Until when was Lagos the capital of Nigeria?

A

1991

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7
Q

Population growth in Lagos?

A

2010 to 2016

3.5 million

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8
Q

Urbanisation in Lagos?

A

In 1950 was 11%, now 49% in urban areas

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9
Q

Reasons for population growth in Lagos?

A

NATURAL INCREASE - 5.65 births per woman

MIGRATION - over 275,000 per year

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10
Q

Percentage of children in Lagos attending primary school compared to in rural Nigeria?

A

90% VS 60% in rural

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11
Q

Number of schools in Lagos?

A

11,000 primary

3,000 secondary

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12
Q

Life expectancy improvements in Lagos?

A

1960 - 37

2015 - 53

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13
Q

Percentage of Lagos with piped water supply?

A

10%

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14
Q

GDP of Lagos?

A

$90 billion

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15
Q

Percentage of Nigeria’s money generated by Lagos?

A

16% (10% of population)

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16
Q

Percentage of Western African flights from Lagos?

A

80%

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17
Q

Percentage of people in Lagos connected to sewers?

A

1%

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18
Q

Number of hospitals in Lagos?

A

12 (for 15 million)

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19
Q

Percentage of people in Makoko slum?

A

60%

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20
Q

Unemployment in Lagos?

A

25%

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21
Q

Traffic congestion in Lagos?

A

40% Nigeria’s cars (1% landmass)

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22
Q

Percentage waste collected in Lagos?

A

40%

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23
Q

When was Makoko Floating School running?

A

2014 to 2016

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24
Q

How many students attended the Makoko Floating School?

A

100

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25
Q

Population of Birmingham?

A

1.3 million

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26
Q

Population of London?

A

9 million

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27
Q

3 architectural features of Birmingham (£)

A

1) Library (£60 million)
2) Rotunda (£1 million)
3) HSBC (£200 million)

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28
Q

Number of passengers on direct rail into and out of Birmingham in 2014?

A

34 million

29
Q

Number of law firms in Birmingham?

A

200

30
Q

Rate of tourism growth in Birmingham?

A

Rises 9.4% per year (fastest growing in UK)

31
Q

Money earns from tourism per year in Birmingham?

A

£37 million

32
Q

Number of foreign companies in Birmingham?

A

Over 300

33
Q

Number of passengers into and out of Birmingham airport in 2014?

A

9 million

34
Q

Prediction to spend on Birmingham infrastructure over next decade?

A

£13 billion

35
Q

Migrants to Birmingham between 2013 and 2014?

A

UK - 41,000

INTERNATIONAL - 12,000

36
Q

Fraction of Birmingham that is non-white British?

A

1/3

37
Q

White British area?

A

Suburbs

100% in Sutton Coldfield

38
Q

Area of less white British?

A

Central

0% in Ladywood

39
Q

When were the Birmingham race riots?

A

2005

40
Q

4 recreation and entertainment locations in Birmingham?

A

1) Library
2) Symphony Hall
3) Brindley Place
4) Bullring Shopping Centre

41
Q

How many students get books from the library in Birmingham?

A

50,000 (from 5 unis)

42
Q

How many people see acts at Symphony Hall in Birmingham per year?

A

Over 450,000

43
Q

Number of shops in Bullring Birmingham?

A

Over 160

44
Q

Average number of visitors to Bullring Birmingham per week?

A

750,000

45
Q

When did West Midlands Metro start?

A

1999

46
Q

Numbers of journeys on Midland Metro between 2011 and 2012?

A

5 million

47
Q

Stations in Birmingham?

A

1) New Street - 13 platforms
2) Moore Street - 4 platforms
3) Snow Hill - 3 platforms

48
Q

When was Eastside City Park built in Birmingham (on Brownfield site)?

A

2013

49
Q

Where is Curitiba?

A

City in South-East Brazil (South America)

50
Q

Population of Curitiba?

A

2 million

51
Q

3 sustainable parts of Curitiba’s transport?

A

1) 5 main road axis (not loads of small windy roads)
2) BRT (bus rapid transit)
3) Cylindrical bus stops (pay there to reduce pollution of engine running)

52
Q

Bus Rapid Transit in Curitiba?

A
  • Bi-articulated buses
  • Carry 4000/ day
  • Paid by km to encourage remote routes
  • Pay 1 fare
  • Made by Volvo (local)
53
Q

When did Curitiba start waste management?

A

1980s (early)

54
Q

How much of Curitiba’s waste is recycled?

A

2/3

55
Q

How many people are helped by Curitiba’s ‘Green Exchange’?

A

30,000

300 tonnes rubbish collected/ month

56
Q

How much did Birmingham’s green belt shrink last year?

A

10%

57
Q

At what rate is Birmingham’s population growing compared to houses?

A

Population growing 5 times faster than houses

58
Q

Name a commuter settlement to Birmingham?

A

Barnt Green

59
Q

Where is Barnt Green?

A
  • Worcestershire, Bromsgrove District
  • 10 miles South of Bham city centre
  • NE of Bromsgrove
  • NW of Redditch
60
Q

Population of Barnt Green?

A

Less than 2000

61
Q

Average house price in Barnt Green?

A

£400,000 to £750,000

62
Q

What makes Barnt Green a good commuter settlement?

A
  • 10 miles from Bham
  • 57% detached houses (spacious)
  • By Lickey Hills wood (recreation)
  • <2000 population (quiet)
63
Q

Why did Birmingham want to do regeneration?

A
  • £2.1 billion added to economy per yr
  • 50,000 new jobs
  • Expansion of CBD by 25%
64
Q

What part of Bham regeneration are we focusing on?

A

New Street station development into Grand Central

65
Q

How much did Grand Central cost?

A

£600 million

66
Q

Why did New Street need redeveloped?

A
  • Voted ugliest station in UK in 2003
  • Small capacity of 60,000 per day
  • Busiest station outside London - important (train leaving every 37 secs)
  • Poor disabled access
  • Dereliction in Palisades shopping centre
67
Q

What did Grand Central redevelopment involve?

A
  • Expansion into old car park to increase capacity to 300,000 per day
  • Palisades shopping centre replaced with new high end shops and restaurants
  • 36 new escalators and 15 new lifts (disabled)
  • More light as concrete replaced with ETFE plastic and glass
68
Q

Sustainable factors in Grand Central?

A
  • Low energy, efficient LED lights
  • 60% toilets flushed with harvested rainwater
  • Natural light and ventilation where possible
  • Water and heating meters to monitor energy consumption
  • Capacity bigger for future population growth
69
Q

Negatives of Grand Central redevelopment?

A
  • Expensive (£600 m)

- Lost jobs in Palisades

Geog Facts (5 decks)

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