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Geog Facts > Human - Changing Economic World > Flashcards

Human - Changing Economic World Flashcards

1
Q

What does HDI involve?

A
  • Life expectancy, literacy rate, GDP

- 0 is bad, 1 is good

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2
Q

Number of tourists to Kenya per year?

A

1.8 million

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3
Q

Improvement in tourism in Kenya?

A

0.9 million in 1995, 1.8 million now

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4
Q

Percentage of Kenya’s GDP from tourism?

A

Over 12%

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5
Q

Percentage of employment in Kenya from tourism?

A

10%

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6
Q

Number of national parks in Kenya that charge for entry?

A

24

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7
Q

HDI score increase in Kenya due to tourism since 2000?

A

0.44 to 0.55

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8
Q

Tribespeople in Kenya who los land due to tourism?

A

Maasai

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9
Q

Location of Nigeria?

A
  • NW Africa
  • Northern Hemisphere
  • Borders: Benin, Niger, Chad, Cameroon
  • South borders Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Guinea)
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10
Q

Global importance of Nigeria?

A
  • NEE with highest predicted GDP growth from 2010 to 2015
  • 12th largest oil producer
  • Diversifying economy
  • 5th largest contributor to UN peacekeeping
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11
Q

African importance of Nigeria?

A
  • Highest GDP in Africa (2014)
  • Highest population (182 million)
  • 3rd largest manufacturing sector
  • Largest farm output (70% workers, 19 million cattle)
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12
Q

Why was Nigeria less developed in past?

A
  • Gained independence from Europe in 1960
  • Sudden independence resulted in dictatorships ad Nigerian Civil War (1967-1970) against Biafra
  • As government stabilised recently in became attractive to investors
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13
Q

What fundamentalist group are still in Nigeria?

A

Boko Haram (in rural NE)

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14
Q

Nigeria’s change in job sectors between 1999 and 2012?

A
  • 30% LESS primary
  • 20% MORE secondary
  • 10% MORE tertiary
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15
Q

How is Nigeria’s growing manufacturing sector boosting economy?

A
  • Individual pay is higher
  • Higher taxes for government
  • Multiplier effect on other sectors
  • Attracts TNCs
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16
Q

Benefits of TNCs in Nigeria?

A
  • Offer employment (U= 1500) (S= 6000)
  • Workers protected by social responsibility programs (U= 2nd best company to work for in Nigeria in 2014)
  • Can improve infrastructure
17
Q

Name 2 TNCs operating in Nigeria

A
  • Unilever

- Shell oil

18
Q

Drawbacks to TNCs in Nigeria?

A
  • Can cause pollution, e.g oil spills and toxic fumes (S)

- Can be risky to operate in areas of deprivation, e.g. oil theft costs billions per year (S)

19
Q

Why is aid given in Nigeria?

A
  • Still very poor

- 60% population live on less than 63p per day

20
Q

Why isn’t aid always effective in Nigeria?

A

Corruption (money given to Navy)

21
Q

Give 3 examples of successes of aid in Nigeria?

A
  • Nets for Life … Education on malaria and mosquito nets
  • World Banks… Loans to businesses to diversify economy
  • UK government… Health and HIV programme in rural areas
22
Q

How has Nigeria’s economic growth damaged the environment?

A
  • Industry unchecked (10,000 small scale illegal industries)
  • Air and water pollution from toxic waste
  • 70-80% forests destroyed
23
Q

Increase in Nigeria’s HDI?

A

2005- 2018

14.4% increase

24
Q

How many people are employed in retail (a service - tertiary sector)?

A

4.4 million

25
Q

General trend of UK economy since 1900s?

A
  • Primary sector DECREASE
  • Secondary sector DECREASE
  • Tertiary sector INCREASE (now 80% of workforce)
  • Quaternary sector BIRTH
26
Q

How many people are employed in IT (a service)?

A

60,000 +

27
Q

What is a footloose industry?

A

Don’t need raw materials so can move location anywhere

28
Q

How many people employed in footloose industry? (Work from home)

A

8.9% of UK in 2007

29
Q

How many people employed in finance (service)?

A

2 million +

30
Q

How much does finance make up of UK GDP?

A

10%

31
Q

How much spent on research and development by UK in 2013?

A

£30 billion

32
Q

Why is Cambridge Science Park located where it is?

A
  • Transport links (near M11 to London and Stanstead airport)

- Near uni (educated workforce and good facilities)

33
Q

Number of companies and employees at Cambridge Science Park?

A

64 companies with 4000+ employees

34
Q

Knock-on impact of Cambridge Science Park?

A

1200 tech firms surrounding, employing 35,000

35
Q

Evidence of the North-South divide?

A
  • Wages (in 2014 was 40% higher in London than Huddersfield)
  • Health (in 2012 East Dorset had 10 years higher life expectancy than Glasgow)
  • Education (higher GCSE results in south)
36
Q

How are the UK improving transport links?

A
  • Proposed HS2
  • Smart motorways increases capacity
  • Crossrail will increase 10% railway capacity
  • London Gateway on River Thames will be global hub
37
Q

How much does the UK export annually?

A

Over £250 billion

38
Q

Number of UK’s exports to the EU?

A

£130 billion

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