Human rights - Contemporary issue - HTS Flashcards
define human trafficking and slavery
the act of transporting, recruiting, transferring or harbouring a person by the means of force, coersion, abduction, deception or fraud for the purpose of exploitation
what prohibits HTS internationally
- UDHR a.4
- ICCPR a.8
- ICESCR a. 6-8
what is the palermo protocol
an international instrument aimed at preventing and combating HTS
positives of the palermo protocol
- first agreed definition of HR
- a.5 obliges state parties to criminalise HT and not treat victims and criminals
- recognises that HTS can’t be solved by one govt
negatives of the palermo protocol
- state sovereignty permits states to not sign or ratify palermo - therefore ignoring HTS eg. iran
- wording of palermo is weak “shall endeavour where possible”
- 1/2 the countries who are parties to palermo have never had a conviction
what is interpol
international criminal police organisation
- IGO of 195 member states
negative of interpol
small budget compared to those of organised crime groups
how does interpol protect HR?
share specific cases and related intelligence on threats, trends, routes and MO, leading to concrete police action
eg. operation weka
what is A21
global NGO who reach, rescue and restore programs to break the cycle of HT
- annual walk for freedom event
- #canyouseeme sns campaign
what are domestic responses to HTS (law reforms and legislation)
law reforms
- criminal code act 1995 (cth) section 270, 271 –> criminalises slavery and HT
- crimes legislation amendment act 2013 (cth) –> established new offences of forced marriage and organ trafficking
why was the HCA v wei tang 2008 case important for HTS domestically
- high court had to define slavery –> set precedent
what is the role of the AFP in relation to AFP
- investigation and prosecution eg. operation mirani 2024
- dedicated teams in melbourne, syd and Brisbane
- capacity building - trains first responders “look a little deeper” program”
negatives of the AFP
- victim identification
- victim cooperation ( complex trauma, mistrust of authorities, lack of english)
how can social media assist in addressing HTS as a non legal response
- raise awareness eg. A21’s can you see me led to 31 rescued victims
- assist police eg. andrew tates arrest
highlight issues
negatives of social media
- predators can use sns to prey on victims
- stereotyped images and inaccurate representations
