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GCSE RE UNIT 2 > Human Rights > Flashcards

Human Rights Flashcards

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1
Q

censorship (2)

A
  • The practice of suppressing and limiting access to materials
  • sometimes takes place to protect society from obscene or offensive media.
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2
Q

discrimination (2)

A
  • Acts of treating individuals or groups of people differently based on prejudice.
  • The main forms of discrimination are direct, indirect, harassment and victimisation.
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3
Q

extremism (2)

A
  • Holding extreme political or religious views.
  • Extremists often hold different views to the mainstream attitudes of society.
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4
Q

human rights (2)

A
  • The basic entitlements of all human beings, afforded to them simply because they are human.
  • These rights embody fairness, equality and respect for all.
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5
Q

personal conviction (2)

A
  • Something a person strongly feels or believes in.
  • Having freedom of speech allows people to share their personal convictions with others.
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6
Q

prejudice (2)

A
  • To pre-judge someone based on a personal characteristic or element of their identity.
  • The Equality Act of 2010 protects people from prejudice and discrimination at work and school.
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7
Q

relative poverty (2)

A
  • A standard of poverty measured in relation to the standards of a society in which a person lives.
  • E.g. living on less than x% of average UK income.
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8
Q

absolute poverty (2)

A
  • An acute state of deprivation.
  • E.g. a person cannot access the most basic of their human needs.
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9
Q

social justice (2)

A
  • Promoting a fair society by challenging injustice and valuing diversity.
  • Ensuring that everyone has equal access to provisions, equal opportunities and rights.
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10
Q

What are Christian teachings on the dignity of human life? (4)

A
  • all humans are the creation of God.
  • all humans are made in the image of God and so have infinite value.
  • Jesus taught all life should be valued (parable of the Good Samaritan).
  • love others unconditionally (agape).
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11
Q

What is The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights ?

A

A document that consists of articles listing the freedoms to which all human beings are entitled.

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12
Q

What is an example of an action group that continually monitors human rights?

A

Amnesty International

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13
Q

What does Amnesty International do?

A

They are an organisation that continually monitor human rights and fight for rights for those who do not have them.

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14
Q

What is agape

A

Selfless, sacrificial and unconditional love

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15
Q

What Christian charities put agape into action? And how?

A

-Tearfund and Christian Aid.
-They both work in many countries to help when natural disasters occur or on long-term projects.

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16
Q

Christian beliefs about Agape in action? (3)

A
  • everyone should be treated with agape
  • follows the example and teachings of Jesus (parable of the Good Samaritan + died on the cross for humanity)
  • Liberation Theology puts into practice the Christian idea that God has the power to change situations in the world that are unjust.
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17
Q

What Christians have shown Agape in their work for others? (2)

A
  • Martin Luther King
  • Oscar Romero
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18
Q

Christian quotes about Agape in action? (2)

A
  • “love thy neighbour as thyself”
  • “love your enemies, and pray for those who persecute you”
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19
Q

What are Christian quotes on the dignity of human life? (2)

A
  • “God created mankind in his own image”
    -“love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you”
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20
Q

Christian teachings about equality (4)

A
  • The New Testament stresses equality before God.
  • God created al of humanity (all equal).
  • God made us all in his own image (we are all of infinite value).
  • Jesus’ teaching (parable of the Good Samaritan)
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21
Q

Christian quotes about equality (2)

A
  • “You are all one in Jesus Christ” - The New Testament
  • “God made makind in his own image”
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22
Q

What is an example of conflict between personal conviction and the laws of a country? (6)

A
  • Oscar Romero
  • was a priest in El Salvador
  • he spoke out against injustices and corruption to protect the poor.
  • He believed it was important to follow the teachings of Jesus and that all humans have a dignity of life.
  • He held meetings that were censored by the government.
  • He was killed in his chapel when celebrating mass.
23
Q

What does the UN Declaration of Human Rights say about expression?

A

“Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression”

24
Q

Why do some religious believers agree with censorship? (5)

A
  • Religious values would be reinforced.
  • It avoids children being exposed to adult content, including issues of sex, war, drugs and violence.
  • Promotes peace and prevents conflict.
  • It provides security for the country e.g. ‘confidential’ information cannot be used for terrorism.
  • Government intervention can control rumours and over - exaggeration.
25
Q

Why do some religious believers disagree with censorship? (4)

A
  • It violates the rights of citizens as it puts a stop to freedom of expression.
  • It can promote negative agendas and manipulate the public.
  • It only promotes ways of living life that are ‘morally correct’ - offending some people by labelling their lifestyle as ‘immoral’
  • Big companies have a powerful place in governments and can control censorship.
26
Q

How do religious people express their faith? (3)

A

though:
- what is worn
- actions
- symbols

27
Q

How do Christians express their faith through what is worn? (4)

A
  • Cross (belief that Jesus died and was resurrected for humanity)
  • Crucifix (belief that Jesus Jesus sacrificed himself so that the sins of mankind can be forgiven by God)
  • Priests wear vestments (makes them feel humble and closer to God)
  • Salvation Army uniform (they are soldiers of God that stand for justice)
28
Q

How do Christians express their faith through Actions? (2)

A
  • Evangelism (act of spreading faith to others)
  • Interfaith dialogue (different faith groups coming together to talk about there views)
29
Q

What is a quote about evangelism in Christianity?

A

“Make disciples (followers) of all nations” - Jesus

30
Q

How do Christians express their faith through symbols? (3)

A
  • cross (belief that Jesus died and was resurrected for humanity).
  • crucifix (belief that Jesus Jesus sacrificed himself so that the sins of mankind can be forgiven by God).
  • Ichthys (fish sign that represents belief in Jesus Christ; Gods son and Saviour of Humanity.
31
Q

Why might religious extremism occur? (4)

A
  • believers interpret religious scripture literally
  • believers think their actions will reward them in the afterlife
  • believers are influenced by family
  • believers think they are doing the work of God
32
Q

Would moderate religious believers believe that religion promotes violence?

A

No

33
Q

Why do moderate religious believers refute the suggestion that religion promotes violence? (4)

A
  • some religious terrorists have misunderstood religious teachings.
  • some terrorists use religion to make their activities appear morally right.
  • some terrorists use religion to cover up political motives.
  • Terrorism is motivated by religious organisations, not religious teachings.
34
Q

What are examples of Muslim Human Rights activists? (2)

A
  • Malala Yousefzai
  • Malcom X
35
Q

What did Malala Yousefzai do? (4)

A
  • campaigned for girls education.
  • by giving speeches and writing blogs
  • she was driven by her personal experiences of being denied schooling under the Taliban rule.
  • she survived a targeted attack.
36
Q

What did Malcolm X do?

A
  • Campaigned for black power and black racial pride.
37
Q

What did Martin Luther King do?

A

Campaigned using non - violent methods for racial equality.

38
Q

Muslim beliefs about Ummah in action? (4)

A
  • The Ummah is the bond between Muslims, referring to the unity of them all over the world.
  • When Malcolm X made his journey to Mecca he felt a true sense of brotherhood.
  • The Ummah promotes the welfare of the whole Muslim community in supporting human rights and trying to create a just society
  • They support each other through the giving of zakat.
39
Q

How do Muslims express faith through what is worn?

A

They wear a Hijab. It is a way of keeping purity and helping Muslims women feel a part of their religion and remember their identity.

40
Q

How do Muslims express faith through actions? (2)

A
  • They give Sadaqah, hat encompasses any act of charitable giving
  • This is in addition to the compulsory 3rd pillar of Islam, Zakat.
41
Q

How do Muslims express their faith through symbols?

A

The star and crescent moon symbol is a reminder that Islam guides and lights the way through life.

42
Q

Christian beliefs about prejudice and discrimination (3)

A
  • It is wrong
  • christian teachings on equality
  • “love thy neighbour”
43
Q

Christian beliefs about equality (5)

A
  • God created everyone equally
  • All life is scared
  • “There is neither Jew nor Gnetile, slave or free man, male or female. We are all equal in Christ” (Galatations)
  • Parable of the Good Samaritan
  • Jesus’ ministry extended to people who were marginalised and discriminated against e.g. he healed lepers.
44
Q

Muslim attitudes towards prejudice and discrimination (2)

A
  • Allah created everyone as equal but different
  • This was Allah’s design so discrimination is unjustified
45
Q

Muslim beliefs about equality (6)

A
  • The Qur’an states that no sex or race is superior to another.
  • The Five Pillars apply to all.
  • everyone is equal “like the tooth of a comb” (Qur’an)
  • Prophet Muhammad stated “an Arab is not better than non-Arab, and a non-Arab is not better than an Arab”
  • Muslims wear white on the Hajj to show everyone is equal before God
  • the Muslim declaration of Human Rights states that everyone is equal.
46
Q

Christian beliefs about poverty and wealth (5)

A
  • wealth should be used to help the less fortunate
    -“it is much harder for a rich person to enter the kingdom of God”
  • Parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus
  • “do not store up riches for yourself on Earth, where moths and rust destroy” “store up riches for yourself in heaven”
  • Story of the widows offering by Jesus shows that it is not about the amount of wealth donated but the value.
47
Q

Muslim beliefs about poverty and wealth (5)

A
  • everything belongs to Allah, so money must be used responsibly
  • Zakat - third pillar of Islam
  • “He is not a believer who eats his fill while his neighbour remains hungry by his side” (Hadith)
  • Fasting during Ramadan teaches compassion for the poor.
  • Justice - they believe that Allah does not intend for poverty so they are responsible for just distribution of wealth.
48
Q

Christian charity that Christians give money to

A

Oxfam

49
Q

Muslim charity that Muslims give money to

A

Islamic Relief

50
Q

What does Oxfam say they do?

A

“global movement of millions of people who share the belief that, in a world rich in resources, poverty isn’t inevitable”

51
Q

What does Islamic Relief say they do?

A

“faith-inspired humanitarian aid working to save and transform the lives of some of the world’s most vulnerable people”

52
Q

What are Oxfam’s aims? (4)

A
  • Provide clean water for all
  • Fight for equality for all
  • Fight climate change
  • Provide aid when natural disasters strike
53
Q

What does Islamic Relief work to do? (3)

A
  • provide food parcels to the poor during Ramadan
  • ensure poor people received Qurbani meat at Eid-ul-Adha
  • Provide food, water and health supplies in places such as Yemen.
54
Q

Muslim beliefs about the sanctity of life (2)

A
  • “nor take life, that Allah has made sacred, except for a just cause”
  • Allah has created a soul for everyone and made a plan for everyones life before they are ‘planted as a seed in their mothers womb’

GCSE RE UNIT 2 (3 decks)

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