Human Rights Flashcards
What are Human Rights?
Basic rights inherent to all individuals, ensuring dignity and equality. They include rights like life and freedom of speech, and are often protected by law to prevent discrimination.
Definitions
1) United Nations Declaration on Human Rights
2) NAACP (National Association for the
3) Amnesty International
1) A 1948 document that outlines fundamental rights for all individuals.
2) A civil rights organization dedicated to advocating for the rights of African Americans. NAACP = National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People
3) A global organization focused on campaigning for human rights and social justice.
Definitions
1) Segregation
2) Desegregation
3) Integration
1) The enforced separation of racial or ethnic groups in society.
2) The process of abolishing racial separation in public spaces and institutions.
3) The unification of diverse racial or ethnic groups within the same environment
1) Jim Crow Laws
2) Voter Registration
3) Black Lives Matter
1) State laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.
2) The process by which eligible citizens sign up to vote in elections.
3) A movement advocating for racial justice and the rights of Black individuals.
1) Prisoners of Conscience
2) Arguments for and Against the Death Penalty
1) Individuals imprisoned for their beliefs or peaceful expression of views.
2) Supporters argue it deters crime, while opponents raise ethical concern
Main Points on American Civil War
American Civil War
When: 1861-1865
Where: Primarily in the Southern United States.
Why: To address issues like states’ rights and slavery.
How: Fought between the Union (North) and the Confederacy (South), leading to significant social and political changes.
Main Points on Emancipation Proclamation
Emancipation Proclamation
When: Issued on January 1, 1863.
Where: United States.
Why: To free enslaved people in Confederate states.
How: By executive order from President Abraham Lincoln, it shifted the war focus to abolition.
Main Points on Brown vs. the Board Election
Brown vs. Board of Education
When: Decided on May 17, 1954.
Where: United States Supreme Court.
Why: To challenge racial segregation in public schools.
How: The Court ruled that “separate but equal” is unconstitutional, leading to desegregation.
Main Points on Little Rock Nine
Central High School, Little Rock
When: 1957.
Where: Little Rock, Arkansas.
Why: To integrate public schools following Brown vs. Board.
How: The Little Rock Nine faced opposition, requiring federal intervention for protection.
Main Points on Montgomery Bus Boycott
Montgomery Bus Boycott
When: December 5, 1955 – December 20, 1956.
Where: Montgomery, Alabama.
Why: To protest segregated public transportation.
How: Initiated by Rosa Parks’ arrest, it involved African Americans refusing to use buses.
Main Points on Birmingham Campaign
Birmingham Campaign
When: April – May 1963.
Where: Birmingham, Alabama.
Why: To combat racial segregation and discrimination.
How: Through nonviolent protests, including sit-ins and marches, drawing national attention.
Note: Many People got arrested and detained.
Main Points about March on Washington ( I have a dream speech)
When: August 28, 1963.
Where: Washington, D.C.
Why: To advocate for civil and economic rights for African Americans.
How: Over 250,000 people gathered, highlighted by Martin Luther King Jr.’s iconic speech.
1) Abraham Lincoln
2) Martin Luther King
1) Who: 16th President of the U.S. (1861-1865).
Event: Issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which aimed to abolish slavery during the Civil War.
2) Who: Civil rights leader.
Event: Key figure in the Civil Rights Movement, known for his “I Have a Dream” speech during the 1963 March on Washington.
1) Rosa Parks
2) Bull Connor
1) Who: Civil rights activist.
Event: Her refusal to give up her bus seat in Montgomery sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
2) Who: Birmingham, Alabama Commissioner of Public Safety.
Event: Infamous for his violent opposition to civil rights demonstrations in the 1960s. (Birmingham Campaign)
1) George Floyd
2) Ahmaud Arbery
1) Who: Black man whose death sparked global protests.
Event: Died in May 2020 due to police brutality, leading to the Black Lives Matter movement’s resurgence.
2) Who: Black man killed while jogging.
Event: His 2020 shooting by armed men highlighted issues of racial profiling and violence.
