China

Question 1

What was the Boxer Rebellion?

Answer 1

A nationalist uprising against foreign control in China, suppressed by an eight-nation coalition, leading to increased foreign influence.

Question 2

What significant event occurred in 1911 in China?

Answer 2

The last Qing emperor, Pu Yi, abdicated, and the Republic of China was formed. Sun Yat-sen became a key leader promoting nationalism and democracy.

Question 3

What happened in 1927 regarding the Communists and GMD?

Answer 3

The Nationalists (GMD) broke ties with the Communists (CCP), starting a bloody civil war marked by the Shanghai Massacre.

Question 4

What was the significance of the invasion of Manchuria by Japan in 1931?

Answer 4

Japan invaded using a staged incident, setting up the puppet state of Manchukuo, which sparked international criticism but little immediate action.

Question 5

What was the Long March?

Answer 5

(1934-36)
A retreat by the CCP over 6,000 miles to escape the GMD, solidifying Mao Zedong’s leadership and boosting party morale.

Question 6

What occurred in 1937 in China?

Answer 6

Full-scale war broke out with Japan, where Japanese committed atrocities like the Rape of Nanking, uniting many Chinese against the invaders.

Question 7

What happened after World War II in 1945?

Answer 7

The civil war resumed between the CCP and GMD after Japan’s defeat, with the GMD struggling due to loss of support and resources.

Question 8

What was the outcome of the civil war in 1949?

Answer 8

The CCP defeated the GMD and declared the People’s Republic of China, with Mao Zedong as leader, marking a significant shift in Chinese society and governance.

Question 9

What did the Agrarian Reform Law of 1950 entail?

Answer 9

Land was taken from landlords and redistributed to peasants, encouraging anti-landlord sentiments and leading to violent struggles.

Question 10

What was the Great Leap Forward?

Answer 10

A push for rapid industrialization and collective farming initiated in 1958, resulting in famine and millions of deaths.

Question 11

What was the Cultural Revolution?

Answer 11

Launched by Mao in 1966 to enforce communist ideals, leading to the Red Guards attacking perceived enemies and millions being persecuted.

Question 12

What happened in 1976?

Answer 12

Mao’s death ended his long rule and sparked a power struggle in the Communist Party, leading to significant political and economic reforms under Deng Xiaoping.

Question 13

What occurred during the Tiananmen Square protests

Answer 13

1989? Pro-democracy protests by students in Beijing resulted in a government crackdown, representing a pivotal moment in the fight for political reform in China.

Question 14

What is the CCP?

Answer 14

The ruling party of China founded in 1921, led by Mao Zedong, responsible for establishing communist rule in 1949.

Question 15

Who were the Guomindang (GMD)?

Answer 15

The nationalist party led by Chiang Kai-shek that opposed the CCP and retreated to Taiwan after losing the civil war.

Question 16

What was the 100 Flowers Campaign?

Answer 16

A 1956 initiative by Mao inviting criticism of the Communist Party, which led to a crackdown on dissent.

Question 17

What was the Red Army?

Answer 17

The military branch of the CCP, crucial in the Chinese Civil War and establishing communist rule. (university students)

Question 18

Who were the Red Guards?

Answer 18

Youth groups mobilized during the Cultural Revolution to enforce Maoist ideology and attack perceived enemies.

Question 19

What is the Little Red Book?

Answer 19

A collection of Mao’s quotes published in 1964, used for propaganda and as a symbol of Mao’s influence.

Question 20

What was the One Child Policy?

Answer 20

Implemented in 1979 to control population growth, leading to significant demographic changes and social consequences.

Question 21

Who was Pu Yi?

Answer 21

The last emperor of China, who abdicated in 1912 after the fall of the Qing Dynasty and later became a puppet ruler under Japanese control.

Question 22

Who was Sun Yat-sen?

Answer 22

The founding father of the Republic of China (Nationalists) and key leader in the 1911 Revolution advocating for nationalism and democracy.

Question 23

Who was Chiang Kai-shek?

Answer 23

Leader of the Nationalist Party (GMD), who fought against the Communists in the civil war and retreated to Taiwan after the GMD’s defeat.

Question 24

Who was Mao Zedong?

Answer 24

The founding father of the People’s Republic of China and leader of the CCP, known for implementing radical policies that transformed society.

Question 25

Who was Deng Xiaoping?

Answer 25

Key leader after Mao, known for economic reforms that opened China to market practices and emphasized economic development.