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Ethics & Philosophy > Human Rights > Flashcards

Human Rights Flashcards

1
Q

KQ Censorship

A

Suppressing and limiting access to materials considered obscene or offensive - people may be restricted in speech due to censorship

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2
Q

KQ Discrimination

A

Acts of treating groups or individuals differently, based on prejudice - MLK campaigned for racial equality

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3
Q

KQ Extremism

A

Supporting and acting on ideas that are very far from what most consider correct - anti abortion extremists

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4
Q

KQ Human Rights

A

Basic right given to all, given to them simply because they are human - freedom of expression

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5
Q

KQ Personal Conviction

A

Something a person strongly feels or believes in - right to life and abortion is wrong

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6
Q

KQ Prejudice

A

Pre-judging people to be inferior or superior without cause - believing women can’t play football

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7
Q

KQ Relative Poverty

A

Poverty measured in relation to all the standards of society where a person lives - living on less or more average income

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8
Q

KQ Absolute Poverty

A

Acute state of deprivation, whereby a person cannot access basic human needs - can’t get basic services

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9
Q

KQ Social Justice

A

Promoting a fair society by challenging injustice and value diversity - everyone has equal opportunity

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10
Q

Human Rights & Social Justice

A
  • rights given to people simply because they are human
  • 1948 United Nations issued the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
  • “all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights”
  • Amnesty International monitor situations were human rights are not being upheld
    It’s a world wide voluntary movement of people
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11
Q

Social Justice

A
  • promoting a fair society by challenging injustice and valuing diversity, everyone has equal access to provisions
  • many agencies and individuals actively support people’s entitlement to human rights
  • achieved if all people work together
  • “we advance social justice when we remove barriers that people face”
  • treated fairly and equally
  • narrow divide of rich vs poor
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12
Q

Attitude to Human Rights & Social Justice

A
  • human life has dignity
  • life is important and each life is of value
  • Gender:
    • Women are paid less 15% difference
    • Women are less likely to run a business
    • Less than a quarter of small enterprises are run by women
  • Poverty:
    • shelter for the homeless
    • children - in wales has the highest child poverty rate 31%
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13
Q

Christian Views on Human Rights & Social Justice

A
  • “how…when an elderly person dies of exposure but when stock losses two points - this is a case of excision”
  • all are children of God created by him
  • characteristics of god are reflected in all humans
  • Charities like CARJ/Christian Aid/Salvation Army all work to promote social justice
  • “let us love, not in the word of speech but in truth and action”
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14
Q

Islamic Views on Human Rights & Social Justice

A
  • obligated to impose injustice and oppression no matter the victim
  • “be just for this is closest to righteousness”
  • Qur’an teaches equality for all humans and to make a fair society
  • “whoever saves one it is as if he has saved mankind”
  • worth and dignity are rights
  • criminals should be punished not mistreated
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15
Q

Christian Views on Promoting Human Rights

A
  • everyone is sacred
  • agape
  • 10 commandments
  • equality and gaming stand against unfairness
  • Liberation Theology
    • social action
    • movement within Christianity based on teachings and actions of Jesus
    • Jesus liberated people from unjust
    • practice Christian idea that hid has the power to change situations in the world
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16
Q

Christian Views on Issues of Equality

A
  • disciples were men
  • Jesus respected women
  • Jesus taught discrimination is wrong
  • “all made in the image of god”
  • men usually take positions of authority but times change
  • “she must be quiet”
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17
Q

Catholic/Orthodox Church views on Issues of Equality

A
  • can be nun or sister to devote to God
  • always lag people not ordained
  • men and women are equal but have different roles
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18
Q

Anglican Church Views on Issues of Equality

A
  • men and women have equal roles
  • women started becoming priests in 1997
  • voted to allow women to be bishops
  • worship roles and leadership positions
19
Q

Islamic Views on Issues of Equality

A
  • men have control over women in the event of a divorce
  • divorce women have to wait 3 months to make sure they are not pregnant
  • husbands have a right to take them back for reconciliation
  • women can’t be imams and lead prayer
  • men and women are separated in worship
20
Q

Islamic Views on Religious practice to promote Human Rights

A
  • ummah
  • brotherhood “overwhelming spirit of brotherhood”
  • Allah created all people
  • ummah promotes support and giving with Zachat and Sadda
  • commissions to work with different organisations from Muslim and non Muslim backgrounds to campaign justice for all
21
Q

Christian Views on Human Rights

A
  • “let everyone be subject to governing authorities”
  • Jesus lived under military occupation but never condemned soldiers
  • preached to pay correct taxes to Roman authority and praised soldiers for their faith
  • Jesus and Sabbath
22
Q

Islamic Views on Human Rights

A
  • Qur’an is a revealed book containing Allah’s divine law and is a source of all Muslim authority
  • “book as clarification for all things and as a guidance”
23
Q

General Views on Human Rights

A
  • religious people would follow the teachings of a religious leader
  • many less Moses received from God give guidance for people to live in harmony
  • always obey
24
Q

Martin Luther King

A
  • stood up for race equality
  • all people should be treated equally as all are made in the image of God
  • “love thy neighbour”
  • America people were segregated with separate schools, seating areas, etc
  • led non-violent action
25
Q

Oscar Romero

A
  • stood for equality for all
  • the ones who gave a voice must speak for those who are voiceless
  • “love of money is the root of all evil”
  • held meetings even though the government said it was illegal
  • openly criticised the government and held meetings that were banned
26
Q

Malala Yousafzai

A
  • Stood for gender equality
  • believes everyone has right to education no matter the gender
  • “who created you from one soil”
  • Taliban banned girls from attending school
  • survived attack to fight for girls rights to education
27
Q

Censorship

A
  • hiding or covering up something to protect or hide information
  • “everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression”
  • people are free to express their views about any religion unless to incite violence or discrimination
  • people should be able to express views that cause offence or not
28
Q

Islamophobia

A
  • dislike of Muslims
  • including stereotypes which are presented as if they were true
  • many people believe greater education is the key to greater understanding
  • muslim individuals and ummah hold open days to educate people
29
Q

Hate Crimes

A
  • criminal offence which is perceived by the victim or any other person to be motivated by hostility or prejudice
  • hate crimes rose from 1,877 to 2,259
  • 50% of hate crimes go unreported
30
Q

Freedom of Religious Expression

A
  • clothes
  • music
  • personality
  • personal taste
  • food taste
  • expressing religious beliefs through garments and necklaces
  • illegal to wear Burkini on French beaches
  • places banned wearing religious symbols
  • show commitment to faith
  • part of religious identity
  • instruction = Qur’an dress modesty
  • conviction = formed declaration
  • freedom of expression
31
Q

Religious Extremism

A
  • fine balance between freedom of speech and action
  • faith is so important they believe they have to justify it in an extreme way
  • interpret religious scripture in a way they believe to behave or react
  • believe actions will be rewarded
  • influenced by friends and family
  • doing the work of god
32
Q

Religious Extremism

A
  • fine balance between freedom of speech and action
  • people thinking they need to justify their faith by doing extreme things
  • interpret religious scripture in a way they believe to behave and react
  • believe action will be rewarded
  • influenced by family
  • believe they are doing God’s work
  • individuals acting because of a belief they were told is true
  • set beliefs even if shocking or offensive not illegal until it becomes violent
33
Q

Religious Extremism is major cause of terrorism

A
  • acting according to religious teachings
  • fulfilling certain commandments
34
Q

Reasons why terrorism happens

A
  • interpret religious scripture, believe its way to react
  • action will be rewarded
  • believe doing its gods work
    Examples =
  • Hindus arrested for threat blast
  • Jewish settler kills 30 at holy site
35
Q

Prejudice and Discrimination

A
  • Direct Discrimination = treating someone with a protected characteristic less favourably than others
  • Indirect Discrimination = putting rules or arrangements in place that apply to everyone, but put someone with a protected characteristic at an unfair disadvantage
  • Harassment = unwanted behaviour linked to a protected characteristic that violates someone’s dignity or creates an offensive environment
  • Victimisation = treating someone unfairly because they’re complained about discrimination or harassment
36
Q

Prejudice and Discrimination pt2

A
  • British there laws to protect people from being discriminated against
  • expectation that a particular type of person won’t become leaders
  • Glass Ceiling = commonly used to explain the difficulty when women try become leaders
  • Interpretation of religious text that is discriminatory like how catholics think women can take important roles but not allowed to be priests
37
Q

Christian Views on Discrimination

A
  • all people are equal and sacred
  • god gives guidance for people to live in harmony with each other, support and protect those people who may be marginalised
  • duty to help those who have been discriminated against
  • “do not deprive the foreigner or the fatherless of justice”
  • Jesus teachings
  • Jesus healed women and lepers
  • Jesus befriended a tax collector even when they where shunned by Jews
  • “neither Jew nor gentile-“
  • Catholic Association for Racial Justice which teach importance of being involved to lessen prejudice
38
Q

Islamic Views on Discrimination

A
  • ummah crosses all genders, race and wealth
  • Qur’an says no gender or race is superior to another people are honourable in the eyes of god
  • “God is most righteous of you”
  • Muslims wear white during Haji to show they are all the same
  • Qur’an teaches that those victims of prejudice and discrimination should maintain their faith in God and justice
  • “not let hatred of a people prevent you from being just”
39
Q

Christian Views on Racial P + D

A
  • “live together as brothers or we will perish together like fools”
  • parable of Good Samaritan
  • Jesus healed men and women from different ethnic backgrounds
  • MLK “Jesus forgave his persecutors”
40
Q

Islamic Views on Racial P + D

A
  • god sent angels to earth to collect different types of soil in order to create first man
  • soil was different colours
  • defendants of Adam were destined to be as diverse as original seven handfuls of soil
  • “diversity of your languages and your colours”
  • Muhammad delivered a black former slave to run mosque
  • “no person is better than the other”
41
Q

The Christian Muslim Forum

A
  • working to promote Interfaith dialogue, sharing views
  • create a just a tolerant society
  • around since 2006 to educate Christians and muslims on good relationships
  • 4 Christian and 4 Muslim ministers
  • creating safe discussions and understanding
  • Malcom X
    • “all equal as the teeth of a comb”
    • “religions can’t stop being prejudice”
42
Q

Wealth & Poverty

A
  • Poverty = too little money to be able to afford better or live in a society where there isn’t much resources to live better
  • Absolute Poverty = set standard that is consistent over time and between countries - no access to basics
  • Relative Poverty = level of income below the majority of one particular country - wealth and resources you have compared to others around you
43
Q

Christian Views on Wealth & Poverty

A
  • teach a person value should be judged by their action
  • wealth is not necessarily in the afterlife
  • Christian should act weather their job is exploiting people
  • against gambling especially Quakers and Methodists
  • “love of money is the root of all evil”
  • Jesus taught wealth doesn’t bring happiness
  • to follow Jesus you must sell your possessions
  • Christians wealth is given to charity
  • parable of sheep and goats
  • parable of rich man + Lazarus
  • wealth won’t go to heaven unless kind
  • helping poor is better than being rich
  • “easier for camel to go through eye of a needle”
  • Christian Aid
    • help in practical ways
    • supplying survival essentials
    • attitudes lie on divine command
44
Q

Islamic Views on Wealth & Poverty

A
  • all wealth is a gift from God
  • Humans are cage takers of God’s wealth
  • duty to support others
  • forbids gambling
  • “so avoid it that you may be successful”
  • Muslims are required to live accordingly
  • interest is wrong
  • Zackat giving 2.5% each year
  • Khums - wealth tax of 20% of savings
  • Islamic Relief
    • respond to disasters
    • provide emergency aid
    • directly influenced by Allah
    • “whoever saves one life-“

Ethics & Philosophy (4 decks)

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