Human Rights Flashcards
Define Human Rights
Basic rights and freedoms believed to belong justifiably to all human beings. They are indivisble, inalienable, inherent and universal.
Define slavery
A type of forced labour in which one person is considered to be the legal property of another
Who was the last country to abolish slavery and when?
Mauritania in 1981
What was the Industrial Revolution?
A period of rapid development of industry in the 18th and 19th century, characterised by changes in agriculture, manufacturing and transport.
Define Trade Unions
An organisation of workers created to preserve and further interests and rights of their group
What Act legalised the establishement of trade unions?
Trade Union Act 1871 UK
When was the International Labour Association established?
1919, after World War I
Define Labour Rights
Rights at work, including paid leave, rights to safe wroking conditions, minimum wages or to join a trade union
When was the first Industrial Action recorded?
1791- Sydney convicts demand daily instead of weekly rations
What was the first successful labour union campaign?
1856 by stonemasons in Victoria. They stopped working to demand the support of an 8 hour work day rather than 14 hours, which then spread to other workforces
Define Universal Suffrage
The right of all citizens to vote in an election regardless of creed, race, status or gender
Define Suffrage
The legal right to vote in a democratic election
How is Universal Suffrage helpful?
Aids in building a healthy democracy because it allows for all people to be acknowledged and their needs represented as a country rather based on the wishes of a selective population.
What Act in the UK allowed all men to vote?
The Representation of People Act 1918
When did New Zealand allow women to vote?
1893
When did Universal suffrage occur in Australia and what act permitted it?
1963 when Aboriginal Australians were granted the right to vote via the Commonwealth Electrol Act 1962 (Cth)
What did the Commonwealth Franchise Act 1902 acheive?
Gave all Australian women the right to vote but excluded any ‘aboriginal native of Australia’
What led Australians to change their attitudes on Indigenous voting?
The US Civil War
In what year were Indigenous Australian’s given equal voting rights and voting was made compulsory
1983 via an ammendment in the Commonwealth Electrol Act
Define Universal Education
Free and compulsory education for all children and the idea that all human beings have a right to this
Define Self-Determinaton
(Collective Right)
The collective right of people to determine how to be governed or their political status based on their nation territory or national grouping
Define Peace Rights
The right of citizens to expect their government to do all in its power to maintain oeace and work towards the elimination of war
What is the term when a state commences an illegal war?
A war of aggression
Who introduced the 4 Freedoms, when and why?
US President Franklin Roosevelt, 1941 due to pressure from previous world wars to form an international bill of rights.
