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Business Conponant 1 > Human Resources 1 > Flashcards

Human Resources 1 Flashcards

1
Q

State 3 common HR values?

A

ensure human resources are employed cost effectively
minimise staff turnover
pay rates should be competative but not excessive
make best use of employee skills

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2
Q

Outline 3 activities of the HR department?

A

recruitment and selection
review pay, rewards, and working conditions for employees
manage communication with staff
organise employee training and appraisal

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3
Q

Define the term flexible working

A

has an agreed number of working hours and made up of core hours that must be worked

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4
Q

Outline three methods of flexible working

A

working from home
job sharing
flexible hours
part time

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5
Q

Define zero hour contracts

A

means the employee has to be available to work but is not guaranteed work

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6
Q

Define remote working

A

all working tasks are fulfilled by working at home

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7
Q

define hot desking

A

when employees share communal computers and desks instead of being individually allocated a workstation

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8
Q

define temporary staff

A

employment for a specific period of time

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9
Q

define job sharing

A

means two people share the same job often on a 50/50 split

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10
Q

define multi skilling

A

involves a workforce being able to train their workforce to work effectively across a wide range of tasks

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11
Q

state 2 advantages of flexible working for the employer

A

employees are likely to work better and have higher productivity as they are more motivated
benefits them if staff can be moved around the department to complete other jobs

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12
Q

state 2 advantages of flexible working for the employee

A

allows employees to develop work patterns that suit their own lifestyles
less stress juggling work and home
can work to personal preference
easier to arrange appointments

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13
Q

state two disadvantages of flexible working for the employer

A

extra cost of training if part time /job sharing
more staff to manage
more difficult to organise training and communication

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14
Q

state two disadvantages of flexible working for the employee

A

lower pay but fewer hours if part time/ job sharing
temporary contracts provide less security
may not feel the same sense of belonging

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15
Q

state two ways technology has enabled more flexible working

A

provides remote access to all the data and applications employees need to do their jobs

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16
Q

define the term workforce planning

A

the process of calculating the number of employees a business needs in the short term and the long term including the number of workers and their skills and matching employees to the business’ requirements

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17
Q

outline the four steps in workforce planning

A

1) cooperate objectives set HR needs
2) analyse existing workforce
3) assess future needs ( demand for Labour)
4) identify gaps in the workforce

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18
Q

state three costs of workforce planning

A

must be supported by sufficient financial resources for it to be effective
every desision of the workforce plan has cost implications
must be consistent with corporate objectivbes
external factors may lead to changed plans
based on forcasts and estimates

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19
Q

state three benefits of workforce planning

A

cuts costs by ensuring too many or not enough staff have been recruited
improved communication
helps a business achieve its corporate objectives by ensuring a business has a workforce of the right size with the right skills,

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20
Q

outline 4 aspects that affect workforce planning

A

business objectives
labour market changes
demographic change
social change

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21
Q

outline three impacts of workforce planning aside from eliminating surprise

A

smoothing out business cycles
identify problems early
preventing problems
taking advantage of opportunities

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22
Q

define the term recruitment

A

the process of identifying the need for new employees, defining the job and the appropriate workforce

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23
Q

state the 6 stages of the recruitment process

A

job analysis
job description
person specification
job advert
shortlisting
interview

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24
Q

state three reasons why businesses may need to recruit staff

A

business expansion
existing employees leave
business needs employees with new skills
business is relocating

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25
Q

what is meant by job analysis

A

it identifies a gap in the workforce using business planning

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26
Q

outline the difference between job description and personal specification

A

job description sets out the purpose of the job whereas person specification sets out the details of the person required for the job role

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27
Q

outline the difference between internal and external recruitment

A

internal recruitment is when the business recruits internally through promotion and someone being recruited who is already in the business whereas external recruitment is when the recruitment process is taken outside of the business and someone completely new is brought in

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28
Q

outline two advantages to the business of using internal recruitment

A

quick
easy
people are already familiar on how the business operates
provides opportunity for promotion which can be motivating
already known by managment

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29
Q

outline two disadvantages to the business of using internal recruitment

A

limits the number of apllicants
no new ideas
creates other vacancies
cause resentment

30
Q

outline two disadvantages to the business of using external recruitment

A

longer process
more expensive
selection process may be ineffective

31
Q

outline two advantages to the business of using external recruitment

A

new ideas
larger pool of workers of which a candidate can be selected
people have a wider range of knowledge

32
Q

outline the role of an employment agency

A

provides a link between the employer and employee and charge a fee for the service

33
Q

state two advantages and disadvantages of interviews

A

pros:
allows the business ti gather more information from the candidate
interviewer is able to assess the candidates communication and interpersonal skills
cons:
can be biased
time consuming
interviewers make up their mind about a candidate very early on

34
Q

state two advantages and disadvantages of testing

A

pros:
provides evidence that candidates posseesses the skills needed for the job
can be quick and efficient
avoids danger of biased desisions
cons:
no test can gtest all the skills for the job
the skills tested may not be important for the job role
some candidates may not perform well under pressure

35
Q

state two advantages and disadvantages of work trials

A

pros:
its risk free
you know the candidate is committed
there are no wage costs
very little paperwork and its cost free
cons:
its unfair for the individual to have to do a days work and not be paid
risk of exploition

36
Q

define the term training

A

the process of increasing the knowledge and skills of the workforce to enable them to perform their jobs effectively

37
Q
A
38
Q

outline why induction training is important

A

as it enables a new recruit to become productive as quickly as possible

39
Q

state three examples of on the job training

A

mentoring
job rotation
in house corse

40
Q

outline two advantages of on the job training

A

most cost effective as the business doesnt need to pay travel expenses
employees are actally productive
opportunity to learn

41
Q

outline two disadvantages of on the job training

A

quality depends on the ability of the trainer
learning enviornment may not be conductive
potential disruption to production

42
Q

state two examples of off the job training

A

vocational courses
distance and e learning

43
Q

state two advantages of off the job trianing

A

wider range of skills or qualifications can be obtained
can learn from experts
employees can be more confident when starting the job
can provide more conductive learning

44
Q

state two disadvantages of off the job training

A

more expensive
lost working time
new employees may still need some induction training
employees now have better skills and could leave for better jobs

45
Q

describe what an apprenticeship involves

A

combines practical training in a job with study

46
Q

describe 3 advantages of training

A

improves productivity
employees can improve their knowledge and skills and so they can undertake a wider range of skills
increased job satisfaction

47
Q

describe three disadvantages of training

A

disruption
costly
difficult to measure

48
Q

whats the purpose of psychometric testing

A

examines traits and characteristics of a candidate

49
Q

whats the purpose of aptitude testing

A

how well a candidate can cope when faced with a given situation

50
Q

whats the purpose of attainment testing

A

examines an individuals ability to use specific skills they have acquired

51
Q

state two reasons for a rise in apprenticeships

A

possibility of permanent employment if the apprenticeship is successful
remuneration can be less than minimum wadge

52
Q

define the term appraisal

A

is the process of evaluating the usefulness of the employee to the business

53
Q

state the 4 types of appraisal

A

supervisors
self appraisal
peer appraisal
360 degrees appraisal

54
Q

outline 3 benefits of apprasil to the business

A

can improve performance
identify training needs
identify promotion potential
provide information for human resources planning

55
Q

give 5 benefits of having a motivated workforce

A

improves productivity
improves quality
reduces absenteeism
good reputation
improved industrial relations

56
Q

outline the difference between financial and non financial motivators

A

financial motivators involve monetary rewards whereas non financial dont and provide physiological benefits

57
Q

two advantages and disadvantages of piece rate

A

pros:
can result in increased productivity
helps to keep wage cost under control
cons:
output could increase at the expense of quality
low quality products can result in increased scrap

58
Q

two advantages and disadvanatges of performance related pay

A

pros:
there is a direct link between performance and rewards which can be motivating
can increase productivity and quality
cons:
rewarding individual employee could discourage team work
many disputes on how performance is measured

59
Q

two advantages and disadvantages of profit sharing

A

pros:
should improve the employees loyalty to the company
employees have a vested interest in the sucess of the business
employees are more likely to be flexible
cons:
share may be too small
employees may feel their individual efforts are not recognised

60
Q

explain job enrichment

A

give employees greater responibility by extending their role

61
Q

explain job rotation

A

employees change tasks frequently

62
Q

explain job enlargment

A

giving employees more work to do of a similar nature

63
Q

expalin tow advantages and two disadvantages of empowerment

A

pros:
employees feel trusted to make desisions
employees may make better desisions than managers as they do the job daily
cons:
employees are given more responsibility without a financial reward
managers may not trust employees

64
Q

what was taylors theory

A

scientific managment and that moeny is the only motivator

65
Q

what was mayos theory

A

workers are not just concerned by money but also have social needs

66
Q

what was maslows theory

A

hierarchy of needs and that you have basic needs and safety needs

67
Q

what was hertzberg theory

A

two factor theory

68
Q

what was the vroom theory

A

expectancy theory which deals with motivation and management and that employees performance was based on factors such as personality skills and knowledge

69
Q

what was porter and lawler theory

A

not only is an individuals motivation to complete a task affected by the reward and believed motivation was affected by the persons perception of the task and the individuals ability to perform the task

70
Q

vrooms theory is based on three beliefs what are they

A

expectancy
valence
instrumeantality

Business Conponant 1 (7 decks)

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