Human Resource Management Flashcards
Achievement Test
A selection tool used to measure current knowledge or skills.
Adverse Impact
(also known as the ‘‘Four-fifths Rule’’): under the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and its amendments, adverse impact occurs whenever the selection rate for any protected group (racial, ethnic or sexual group) is less than 80% of the rate of selection for the non-protected group.
Affirmative Action
review of hiring practices by the federal government for facility conformity to the 1964 Civil Rights Act and its amendments.
Americans with Disabilities Act
requires a business to make a reasonable accommodation for a person who has a qualified disability, unless the accommodation would place an undue hardship on the employer.
Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1987 (ADEA)
protects all persons over the age of 40 against job discrimination.
Apprenticeship
An on-the-job training technique used in the skilled trades to allow an inexperienced employee to learn the craft from a skilled worker.
Aptitude Test
A selection tool used to measure the applicant’s capacity to learn new skills.
Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (BARS)
A performance appraisal system that uses scales anchored by descriptions of critical incidents to measure behaviors of employees on the job.
Bona Fide Occupational Qualification (BFOQ)
A legal exception to discrimination whereby the employer may specify hiring based on gender, age, religion, sex, or national origin.
Broadbanding
A compensation system that collapses several salary grades into a few broader categories.
Cognitive ability test
A selection test used to measure mental skills.
Comparable worht
The equality of jobs per- formed by women and men in terms of the value or worth to the company (though the jobs are different).
E-commerce
Conducting business over the Internet.
Elder care
Care provided to elderly family members of an employee.
Employee assistance program (EAPs)
Services provided to employees to counsel and advise for problems interfering with work performance.
Employee involvement groups
Groups of employees who meet to resolve specific problems in the organization.
Employee leasing
Hiring employees back through leasing companies to perform their original function.
Employment-at-will
The right of an employer and an employee to terminate the employment relationship without reason.
Empowerment
Delegating power throughout the organization to encourage employees to make decisions concerning their own work.
Equal Employment Opprotunity
The treatment of employees in a fair and impartial way in all aspects of employment.
Equity theory
A social comparison motivation theory in which people compare the ratio of their inputs to outputs to the ratio of another person’s inputs to outputs.
Ergonomics
The study of the design of equipment in the workplace. Equipment is fit to people to reduce the possibility of injuries.
Ethics
Individual beliefs concerning right and wrong.
Eustress
Positive stress that propels people to higher levels of performance.
Expatriate managers
Managers in multinational corporations sent on international assignments from their home country.
Hierarchy of needs
Motivation theory developed by Abraham Maslow to explain the needs that drive people’s behavior
Hostile environment
Harassment that results from the creation of an offensive work environment.
Interpersonal skills.
Human relations skills
Human resource management
The set of activities focused on the effective management and development of the organization’s work force.
Human resource planning (HRP)
The process of identifying the future staffing needs of the organization.
Human resources
The people of the organization.
Human Resource Information System (HRIS)
A computer system designed to aid in the administration and decision-making process of human resource management.
Integrity Tests
Paper and pencil tests to measure honesty in the selection process
Job Analysis
The process of systematically gathering information concerning the tasks and responsibilities of a job.
Job characteristics model
An approach to job design that results in increased performance levels and greater worker motivation.
Job description
A document that itemizes the tasks and responsibilities of a job.
Job design
A method of structuring jobs to improve worker satisfaction and organizational performance.
Job enlargement
A job design technique that expands a job by adding tasks that are on the same responsibility level.
Job enrichment
A job design technique that adds tasks on a higher responsibility level to increase job satisfaction.
On-the-job training
Training provided in a hands-on approach.
Orientation
The socialization process that is used to acquaint employees with the organization.
Outplacement
Services offered to help employees who have been terminated find new employment.
Outsourcing
Contracting with outside firms to perform nonessential functions for the organization.
Part-time employees
Those employees who work fewer than forty hours a week.
Pay equity
The perception of employees that their compensation is equal to the worth of their work
Pay secrecy
The extent to which an organization keeps individual pay rates a secret.
Peer appraisal
Performance appraisals performed by coworkers.
Performance appraisal
The formal evaluation of an employee’s work on the job.
Point system
A quantitative job evaluation system that uses specific elements of jobs to rate their worth to the organization.
Pprogressive discipline
The method of discipline that uses a system of progressively more serious punishments for violations.
Protected classes
Women, people with disabilities, minority races, and older people in the work force.
Punishment
Unpleasant consequences resulting from specific behaviors.
Quid pro quo harassment
Harassment that occurs with an exchange of sexual favors for employment decisions.
Realistic job preview (RJP)
A realistic portrayal of a job that includes both its negative and positive aspects.
Stress
The emotional and physical wear and tear of life.
Structured interview
An interview conducted with job applicants using prepared questions.
Succession planning
The process of identifying and tracking potential management candidates.
Telecommuting
The use of computer technology to work from home or satellite offices via electronic links to the office.
Temporary employees
Workers who are employed for specific periods and who are not permanent employees of the firm..
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
Federal legislation that prohibits discrimination in all employment decisions based on race, religion, color, sex, or national origin.
Transfer of training
The application of training material to job performance.
Trend analysis
A quantitative forecasting technique used to identify the demand for labor.
Unemployment insurance
A required benefit that provides income to employees who are out of work.
Vestibule training
Simulation training that mirrors actual job conditions.
Virtual team
A team that works together from different geographic locations using electronic links.
Wellness program
Organizational programs that emphasize keeping workers healthy.
Yield ratio
A calculation of the percentage of job candidates from a specific recruitment source who make it to the next stage of the selection process.
