Human Reproductive System Flashcards
Second Quarter
The molecular units of human identity, through reproduction.
genes
The reproductive system produces gametes or sex cells. Each gamete has half of the original number of genetic material for human beings and is called _________.
haploid cell
Gametes combine in a process called ________.
fertilization
What do you call the cell with a complete set of genetic material from the mom and dad?
diploid cell
The male gamete or sex cell.
sperm cell
The sperm cell is made up of two parts:
- head
- flagellum (tail)
The male gonad; it is the site of sperm production.
testis
The sac-like skin structure that supports the testes.
scrotum
This is where the sperm cells mature and are temporarily stored before release.
epididymis
A duct that transports sperm cells to the urethra.
vas deferens
These supply the sperm cells with a fluid rich in fructose to keep them active and motile.
seminal vesicles
This supplies fluids rich in minerals that sperm cells need in their journey into the female organ.
prostate gland
These glands secrete a small amount of clear fluid to lubricate the urethra.
bulbourethral glands or Cowper glands
The fluid containing the sperm cells and the various fluids from the glands make up the _______.
semen
The tube where the semen and urine pass.
Urethra
The copulatory organ of the male reproductive system.
Penis
The female gonad.
ovaries
The female sex cells or gametes.
egg cells or ova
An ovary produces one mature egg cell and releases this egg cell to __________.
Fallopian tube
This is an oviduct where the sperm usually meets the egg cell.
Fallopian tube
After fertilization, the fertilized egg cell becomes a _________.
zygote
The zygote after fertilization attaches itself to the ___________
uterus (or womb)
The zygote develops into a ________.
fetus
The fetus will receive nutrients it needs from the mother through __________, an organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterus.
placenta
The _________, which connects the uterus to the vagina, opens dramatically during the normal delivery of the baby.
cervix
The birth canal where the baby is pushed down.
vagina
This is where the sperm enters the female reproductive system.
vagina
About once a month, a mature egg cell is released by the ovary in a process called ________.
ovulation
The discharge of blood through the vagina.
menstruation
Bleeding (menstruation) lasts up to how many days?
3-5 days up to 7 days
Menstrual cycles range from how many days?
25 to 36 days
The period in a woman’s life where menstruation permanently stops.
menopause
How many sperm cells are released during intercourse?
200-600 million sperm cells
Happens when the egg cell and the sperm cell meet.
Fertilization
Fertilization eventually leads to the development of a ___________.
Zygote
As the zygote makes its way to the uterus, it continues to divide, forming a __________.
blastocyst
In the uterus, the blastocyst attaches itself to the lining of the uterus, a process called _____________.
implantation
The period from fertilization to birth usually lasts nine months and is divided into trimesters of three months each.
pregnancy
This marks the end of pregnancy.
child birth
A term used to refer to the developing offspring during the first eight weeks.
embryo
A term used to refer to the developing human being until its birth.
fetus
The ___________ connects the embryo or fetus to the uterine wall for nutrient support, gas exchange, and waste elimination via the mother’s blood supply.
placenta
The __________ connects to the embryo or fetus to the placenta.
umbilical cord
A type of infection that affects the reproductive tract of both males and females.
Reproductive tract infection (RTI)
Refers to the emotional and physical symptoms experienced by women before menstruation. Symptoms include body pains, food cravings, sadness, and irritability.
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
