Human Reproduction (Female)

Question 1

Constituents of female
reproductive system
Job of these structures

Answer 1

It consists of a pair of ovaries along with a pair of oviducts uterus cervix vagina and the external genitalia located in the pelvic region
These parts of the system along with a pair of mammary glands are integrated structurally and functionally to support the process of ovulation fertilisation pregnancy birth and child care

Question 2

What are ovaries what is their function

Answer 2

Ovaries are the primary female sex organs that produce the female gamete (ovum) and several steroid hormones (ovarian hormones)

Question 3

Location of the Ovary

Answer 3

The ovaries are located on each side of the lower abdomen

Question 4

Size and connections of the Ovary

Answer 4

Each Ovary is about 2 to 4 cm in length and is connected to the pelvic wall and uterus through ligaments

Question 5

Covering of the Ovary
Divisions

Answer 5

Each Ovary is covered by a thin epithelium which encloses the ovarian stroma
The stroma is divided into two zones a peripheral cortex and an inner medulla

Question 6

Function of the pubic symphysis

Answer 6

Helps to separate pelvic bones for vaginal childbirth

Question 7

What are the female accessory ducts

Answer 7

The oviducts (fallopian tubes) uterus and vagina constitute the female accessory ducts

Question 8

Fallopian tubes size and extensions

Answer 8

Each fallopian tubes is about 10 to 12 cm long and extends from the periphery of each Ovary to the uterus

Question 9

What is the infundibulum

Answer 9

The part closer to the Ovary is the funnel shaped infundibulum

Question 10

What is fimbriae what is its function

Answer 10

The edges of the infundibulum posses finger like Projections called fimbriae which help in the collection of ovum after ovulation

Question 11

What is the ampulla

Answer 11

The infundibulum leads to a wider part of the oviduct called ampulla

Question 12

What is isthmus

Answer 12

The last part of the oviduct is the isthmus which has a narrow lumen and joins the uterus

Question 13

Another name for the uterus

Answer 13

The uterus is single and is also called the womb

Question 14

What is the uterus shaped like

Answer 14

Shape of the uterus is like an inverted pear

Question 15

Wididity of the fallopian tube

Answer 15

The ampulla isthmus and infundibulum

Question 16

What supports the uterus

Answer 16

It is supported by ligaments attached to the pelvic wall

Question 17

How does the uterus open into the vagina

Answer 17

The uterus opens into the vagina through a narrow cervix

Question 18

What is cervical canal and birth canal

Answer 18

The cavity of the cervix is called the cervical canal which along with the vagina forms the birth canal

Question 19

What are the layers of the uterine wall and their nature

Answer 19

The wall of the uterus has 3 layers of tissue
The external thin membranous perimetrium middle thick layer of smooth muscle myometrium and inner glandular layer called endometrium that lines The uterine cavity

Question 20

Function of endometrium and myometrium

Answer 20

The endometrium undergoes cyclic changes during menstrual cycle while the myometrium exhibits strong contraction during the delivery of the baby

Question 21

Constituents of the female external genitalia

Answer 21

The female external genitalia include the mons pubis, labia majora , labia minora, hymen and clitoris

Question 22

What is mons pubis

Answer 22

Mons pubis is a cushion of fatty tissue covered by skin and pubic hair

Question 23

What is labia majora

Answer 23

The labia majora are fleshy folds of tissue which extend down from the mons pubis and surround the vaginal opening

Question 24

What is the labia minora

Answer 24

The labia minora are paired folds of tissue under the labia majora

Question 25

What is the hymen

Answer 25

The opening of the vagina is often covered partially by a membrane called hymen

Question 26

Whats the clitoris

Answer 26

The clitoris is a tiny finger like stricture which lies at the upper junction of the two labia minora above the urethral opening

Question 27

What happens to the hymen after coitus

Answer 27

The hymen is often torn during the first coitus (intercourse)

Question 28

Is the presence or absence of the hymen an indicator of sex

Answer 28

The presence or absence of hymen is not a reliable indicator of virginity or sexual experience

Question 29

How many mammary lobes
How many ducts

Answer 29

15-20 both

Question 30

Common female mammal characteristic

Answer 30

A functional mammary glands is a characteristic of all female mammals

Question 31

What are mammary glands andbthir constituents

Answer 31

The mammary glands are paired structures (breasts) that contain glandular tissue and variable amount of fat

Question 32

How many mammary lobes and where in detail

Answer 32

The glandular tissue of each breast is divided into 15-20 mammary lobes containing cluster of cells called alveoli

Question 33

What secrets milk where is it stored

Answer 33

The cells of the alveoli secrete milk which is stored in the cavities (lumens) of alveoli

Question 34

What is a mammary tubule
What forms a mammary duct

Answer 34

The alveoli open into mammary tubules
The tubules of each lobe join to form a mammary duct

Question 35

Mammary ampulla and lactiferous duct

Answer 35

Several mammary ducts join to form a wider mammary ampulla which is connected to lactiferous ducts through which milk is sucked out