Human Reproduction And Genetics Flashcards
The Fallopian tube
Carrys the egg to the uterus, fertilisation occurs here
Ovaries
Store and releases eggs
The uterus
Is where the fertilised egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment
The cervix
Leads from the vagina to the uterus
The vagina
Holds the male penis during sexual intercourse, forms the birth canal during child birth
Gametes
Sex cell
Male gamete
Sperm
Female gamete
Egg/ovum
Ovulation
An egg is released from the ovary an average of every 28 days
Fertile period
Days of menstrual cycle when a woman is most likely to become pregnant (sperm can live in the female)
Testicles
Produce sperm
Sperm duct
Brings the sperm from the testicles to the penis
Glands and vesicles
Produce seminal fluid which mixes with sperm to form semen
Penis
Enters the female and ejaculates semen
Puberty
When the body starts becoming sexually mature (normally happens between ages 10-15)
Puberty in males
sex hormones (testosterone) are released causing the voice to deepen, hair grows around the sex organs, face, chest and underarms, the testes and penis grow bigger and start to produce sperm.
Puberty in females
When the sex hormones (oestrogen and progesterone) are released the breasts develop, hips widen and hair begins to grow on the body
Family planning
To control the number of children you have, you need to control the number of times fertilisation takes place
Natural methods of contraception
Aim to detect the day of ovulation takes place and avoid intercourse during the fertile period
Artificial methods of contraception
Prevent the sperm and egg meeting
Condom
Prevent pregnancy, prevent spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STD’s) or sexually transmitted infections (STI’s)
Contraceptive pill
Prevents ovulation
Abstain
No method is 100% reliable, to not have sexual intercourse is the only way to avoid pregnancy
