Human Reproduction Flashcards
Where is sperm made
Testes
What is a sperm and a ovum a type of
Cell and gamete
What liquid gets ejaculated from the penis
Semen
What is the function of Glands
To produce a liquid which is mixed with sperm to produce semen
Changes of puberty for boys
Sex organs get a bit bigger
Testes start to produce sperm and hormones
Public hair grows
Hair grows on the face chest armpits
Voice deepens
Behaviour changes
Puberty in girls
Ovaries start to release eggs
Ovaries start to produce hormones
Public hair grows
Menstruation starts
Breasts get larger
Behaviour changes
How many days is the menstrual cycle
28 days
Name the parts of the human reproductive system
Urethra Glands Sperm ducts Testes Penis
Function of urethra
A tube which carries semen through the penis during ejaculation.Urine also passes through the urethra to exit the body
Function of glands
Produce liquids that’s mixed with sperm to produce semen
Function of testes
Produces sperm and hormones
Function of sperm duct
Muscular tube that carries sperm from testis towards the urethra
Name the female Reproduction system
Oviducts Ovaries Uterus Cervix Vagina
In the female reproductive system,what is the function of a ovary
The organ that produces ova and hormones
Function of the uterus
A muscular organ which is where the offspring will be nourished and kept while Developing
Function of the cervix
Keeps the baby in place while pregnant
Function of vagina
Where sperm is deposited
Day 1 of menstrual cycle
Bleeding from the vagina/lining of the uterus breaks down to the vagina
Day 4 of menstrual cycle
Lining of uterus begins to build up again. It thickens into a spongy layer full of blood vessels ready for implantation
Day 14 of menstrual cycle
Egg is released from ovaries of the female/day that the woman might be pregnant
Day 28 of menstrual cycle
Wall remains thick for the fertilised egg. If not, the lining breaks down passing out of the vagina
What happens if the egg is not fertilised
The cycle will restart
Why does the lining of the uterus need to be thick
So it has a good blood supply
How many chromosomes are there in 1 gamete
23
Name the stages of the human reproductive system in order
Ovulation Copulation Fertilisation Cell division Implantation
What happens in ovulation
An egg is released from an ovary around day 14
What happens in copulation
Millions of sperm are released from the mans penis into the woman’s vagina during intercourse
What happens in fertilisation
Egg is fertilised when the nuclei of the egg and sperm join
It is now called zygote
What happens in cell division
1 day after fertilisation the egg divide into 2 .After about 4 days the egg has divided into 32 cells
It is now called an Embryo
What happens in Implantation
One week after fertilisation the embryo starts attaches itself into the lining of the uterus .When its completely attached it’s called IMPLANTATION
When can you call the offspring a zygote
Once an egg is fertilised by a sperm
When can you call the offspring an embryo
Once a ball of cells has formed/cell division
Where does the placenta form
placenta forms between the embryo and the wall of the uterus.
When can we call the embryo a foetus
6 weeks after fertilisation
Name the 4 stages of the menstrual cycle
1.Lining of the uterus breaks down
2.Lining of the uterus
builds up
- Egg released
- Lining of the uterus maintained
When does implantation occur
1 week after fertilisation
What is gestation
When an embryo develops over about 9 months
How do substances go to the foetus
The substances go with the mothers blood then through the placenta
At 1 month for the embryo
6mm long Has: Brain Heart Eyes Ears Legs
At 9 weeks for the body
25mm
Completely formed
Now called a foetus
At 3 months for the foetus
54mm
Looks more like a baby
At 5 months for the foetus
160mm
It kicks and finger nails can be felt
At 7 months for the foetus
370mm
Now Viable
Viable meaning
Has a fair chance of surviving if it were born at this stage
At 39 weeks for the baby
520mm
Fully developed and ready to be born
