Human Reproduction

Question 1

Ovaries

Answer 1

Store and release eggs

Question 2

Fallopian tubes

Answer 2

Carries egg to uterus where fertilization occurs

Question 3

Uterus

Answer 3

(Womb) is where the fertilized egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment

Question 4

Cervix

Answer 4

Leads from vagina to uterus

Question 5

Vagina

Answer 5

Holds the male penis during sexual intercourse

Question 6

Ovulation

Answer 6

The egg released from ovary every 28 days

Question 7

Menstruation / Period

Answer 7

Uterus becoming thick and rich in blood vessels to be ready to receive the egg, if not fertilized by sperm the thickened uterus is not needed and breaks away, the blood passes through and out the vagina (day 1-5) this is can also be called a ‘period’

Question 8

Fertile period

Answer 8

Days of the menstrual cycle when the the woman’s most likely to get pregnant, sexual intercourse 2/3 days before during or after ovulation could lead to fertilization because sperm cells can survive this long

Question 9

Pause of menstrual cycle

Answer 9

If an egg is fertilized by sperm the menstrual cycle will be paused for the duration of pregnancy, the first sign of pregnancy is that menstruation doesn’t happen

Question 10

Menopause

Answer 10

End of females ability to reproduce and end of her menstrual cycle, it happens at different ages for people typically late 40’s and early 50’s

Question 11

Testes

Answer 11

Produce sperm

Question 12

Scrotum

Answer 12

Where the testes are located outside the body to ensure the temperature is lower than body temperature for healthy sperm

Question 13

Epididymis

Answer 13

A coiled tube on the outside of each testis that stores sperm and allows them to mature fully

Question 14

Vas deferens

Answer 14

A sperm duct that brings the sperm from the testes to the penis

Question 15

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland and Cowper’s gland

Answer 15

Produces seminal fluid which mixes with the sperm to form semen, It nourishes the sperm and allow them to swim

Question 16

Penis

Answer 16

Enters the female and ejaculates semen

Question 17

Puberty

Answer 17

When the body becomes sexually mature (reproductive organs develop) normally happens between the ages of 10 to 16

Question 18

Male puberty

Answer 18

Sex hormones (testosterone) releases causing the voice to deepen, hair grows around the sex organs, face, chest and underarms, the testes and penis grow bigger and start to produce sperm

Question 19

Female Puberty

Answer 19

In females when the sex hormones (oestrogen and progesterone) are released the breasts develop,hips widen,and hair begins to grow on the body.
First egg released from ovaries leading to first period
Egg released every month until menopause

Question 20

Fertilization

Answer 20

If an egg is present in the Fallopian tube, and a couple have sexual intercourse, then one of the sperm cells may fuse with it.
The nuclei of the sperm and the egg fuse together to form a fertilized egg
The woman is now pregnant

Question 21

Embryo

Answer 21

The fertilized egg then divides a number of times and the tiny group of cells moves down the Fallopian tubes to the uterus,
This group of cells settles into the lining of the uterus and continues to divide to form an embryo

Question 22

Zygot -> Embryo -> Foetus

Answer 22

Egg and sperm fuse to form a single —> Zygote
Cell division occurs and growth —> Embryo
Embryo attaches to the lining of the uterus, grows more and after 8 weeks looks like a human —> Foetus

Question 23

Pregnancy

Answer 23

The average length of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks
As the embryo develops in the uterus it is protected inside a bag of fluid called amniotic fluid
This fluid provides a cushion for the embryo

Question 24

Umbilical cord

Answer 24

Joins the embryo to the placenta

Question 25

Placenta

Answer 25

Is rich in blood vessels, food and oxygen from the mothers blood passes into the baby’s blood, wages and carbon dioxide passes from the baby’s blood into the mothers to get rid of

Question 26

Labor

Answer 26

Uterus muscles start to contract

Question 27

Water break

Answer 27

Bag of amniotic fluid bursts, further contractions push the baby out of the vagina usually head first

Question 28

Afterbirth

Answer 28

The umbilical cord is cut and the placenta comes out after

Question 29

Lactation

Answer 29

The production of breast milk

Question 30

Colostrum

Answer 30

First 3 days of milk, very nutritious and helps protect the baby from infection

Question 31

Family planning

Answer 31

To control the number of children you have you need to control the number of times fertilization takes place

Question 32

Natural methods of contraception

Answer 32

Aim to detect the day ovulation takes place and avoid intercourse during the fertile period

Question 33

Artificial methods of Contraception

Answer 33

Prevent the sperm and egg meeting, An example of this is a condom which prevents sperm entering the vagina ,
Another example is the contraceptive pill which prevents ovulation,
It is important to realize no method is 100% reliable