human reproduction Flashcards
function of testes
produces testosterone + produces male gametes (spermatogenesis)
function of epididymus
store and mature sperm
function of vas defenens
carries sperm towards penis from testes during ejaculation
what does the seminal vesicle do
Secretes an alkaline, nutrient rich fluid onto the sperm in the vas deferens forming semen.
what does the Seminal vesicle fluid do
it is alkaline so to neutralises acidic conditions in the vagina and any urine in the urethra
prostate gland
secretes zinc-containing fluid
seminiferous tubules
produce spermatozoa (spermatogenesis)
order of cells in spermatogenesis
germinal epithelial cells (2n)
spermatogonia (2n)
primary spermatocytes (2n)
secondary spermatocytes (n)
spermatids (n)
sperm (n)
describe stages of spermatogenesis
1- GEC undergoes mitosis to make Spermatogonia
2- S undergoes mitosis and growth to make primary spermatocytes
3- some 1S are used to regenerate GEC and some undergo meiosis 1 to make secondary spermatocytes
4- 2S undergo meiosis 2 to make spermatids
5- S undergo differentiation to make sperm
what do Sertoli cells do
nourish developing cells
protect sperm cells from the bodies immune system
what do leydig cells do and where are they located
produce testosterone
found in seminiferous tubule
function of ovaries
produces eggs ( oogenesis)
produces and secretes oestrogen and progesterone
function of endometrium
uterus lining
site of implantation of fertilised egg
function of fallopian tube/oviduct
tube lined with ciliated epithelium which push the secondary oocyte from the ovary to the uterus
cells of oogenesis in order
germinal epithelial cell
oogonia
primary oocyte
secondary oocyte + second polar body
(ovum)-only if secondary oocyte is fertilised
