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Life Science > Human Reproduction > Flashcards

Human Reproduction Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What do the testes produce ?

A

sperm and testosterone

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2
Q

Name the 3 accessory glands that contribute fluids to the sperm to form semen

A

seminal vesicle
prostate gland
cowper’s gland

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3
Q

Organ that transfers sperm from male into vagina of female

A

Penis

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4
Q

Function of the bladder

A

Muscular structure that stores urine

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5
Q

Function of seminal vesicle

A

Produces seminal fluid with sugars (fructose) which they can break down to get energy for swimming

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6
Q

Function of Prostate gland

A

Produces fluid which activates sperm

Secretes an alkaline fluid which neutralises the acidity in the vagina; sperm in the vagina then remains active

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7
Q

Function of Cowper’s gland

A

Protect sperm by neutralising acidity of the urethra

Secretions also act as a pre-ejaculate fluid to clean and lubricate the urethra

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8
Q

Function of Epididymis

A

Stores sperm and allows them to mature

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9
Q

Function of testis

A

Produces sperm and sex hormones

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10
Q

Function of Scrotum

A

A pouch found outside of the body, that protects the testes and maintains lower temperature for sperm production

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11
Q

Function of seminiferous tubules

A

Contains germinal epithelium that gives rise to sperm

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12
Q

Function of Penis

A

Transfers semen into vagina of female

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13
Q

Function of urethra

A

Tube through which urine and semen pass out the body

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14
Q

Function of vas deferens

A

Propels sperm to urethra by peristalsis

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15
Q

Function of ejaculatory duct

A

Muscular contractions forces semen through urethra

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16
Q

Explain the role of the hormone Testosterone

A

Encourages sperm maturation

Develops the male sex organs and maintains secondary characteristics

Causes a boys voice to become deeper during puberty

Enhances muscle development

Promotes development of body and facial hair in males.

17
Q

Secretes the hormone oestrogen

A

Ovaries

18
Q

Muscular structure where the foetus develops

A

Uterus

19
Q

Function of Fallopian tube

A

Transfers ovum to uterus

Place where fertilisation occurs

20
Q

Function of Uterus

A

Muscular structure in which the foetus develops and is protected

21
Q

Function of ovary

A

Produces ova and sex hormones

22
Q

Function of cervix

A

Forms the neck of uterus

Tightly closed to protect interior of uterus

23
Q

Function of Vagina

A

Canal where sperm is deposited

Acts as the birth canal

24
Q

Hormones responsible for secondary characteristics in females

A

Oestrogen and progesterone

25
Q

Function of Endometrium

A

Mucous membrane lining filled with small blood vessels, which assists in the implantation of the embryo

26
Q

Function of cilia

A

Ciliary movements assists in moving the ovum towards the uterus

27
Q

Function of ciliated funnel

A

Traps ovum

28
Q

Function of Ligament

A

Holds ovary in position

29
Q

The process of gamete formation

A

Gametogenesis

30
Q

Production of sperm cells

A

Spermatogenesis

31
Q

Formation of an ovum

A

Oogenesis

32
Q

Describe the ovarian cycle

A

Involves the development of the follicle, ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum

33
Q

Describe the uterine cycle

A

Controls the preparation of the endometrium in the uterus for pregnancy

34
Q

What is the role of oestrogen

A

Responsible for secondary characteristics in females during puberty

Repairs and builds up the endometrium

High levels stimulate the secretion of LH

35
Q

What is the role of progesterone (pregnancy hormone)

A

Promotes further thickening of the endometrium

Prepares endometrium for implantation of blastula

36
Q

Hormone that induces labour

A

Oxytocin

37
Q
A

Life Science (3 decks)

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