Human reproduction

Question 1

what is the composition of semen?

Answer 1

sperm from testicles, fluid from seminal vesicles, fluid from prostate gland, fluid from cowpers gland

Question 2

Function of the seminiferous tubules

Answer 2

site of sperm production

Question 3

function of the interstitial cells

Answer 3

located in the testes, produce testosterone and androsterone

Question 4

function of the epididymis

Answer 4

coiled tube attached to tested that stores mature sperm cells

Question 5

function of the vas deferens

Answer 5

tube which sperm leave, leading to the urethra

Question 6

function of the prostate gland

Answer 6

produced an alkaline buffer which protects the sperm from the acidity of the vagina

Question 7

function of the seminal vesicles

Answer 7

secrete a fluid rich in fructose that gives the sperm energy to swim

Question 8

function of the cowper’s gland

Answer 8

secretes a pre-ejaculatory fluid which aids the movement of sperm and protects them from acid in the urethra

Question 9

function of the urethra

Answer 9

passageway for urine and semen

Question 10

function of the penis

Answer 10

sexually reproduce and urinate

Question 11

function of the Ovaries

Answer 11

house eggs and produce estrogen and progesterone

Question 12

function of the follicle

Answer 12

structures within the ovaries that contain immature egg cells and granuloa cells

Question 13

function of the corpus luteum

Answer 13

secreted hormones essential for pregnancy

Question 14

function of the oviducts

Answer 14

passageways from the ovaries to the uterus

Question 15

function of the uterus

Answer 15

(aka womb) compose of two major tissues: Myometrium, the outer-lining and the Endometrium the inner lining houses baby well pregnant

Question 16

function of endometrium

Answer 16

inner lining of uterus that provides nourishment for embryo. If pregnancy does not occur the endometrium is shed.

Question 17

function of the cervix

Answer 17

muscular band separating uterus and vagina and helps hold fetus in place

Question 18

function of the vagina

Answer 18

connects the uterus to the outside environment, location of sexual intercourse and serves as the birth canal.

Question 19

functions of Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (male and female)

Answer 19

stimulates production of sperm cells in the for males and causes follicles within the ovary to mature and produce estrogen for females

Question 20

function of Luteinizing hormone (male and female)

Answer 20

causes development of the corpus luteum which will produce estrogen for and progesterone in females. It promotes production of testosterone by the interstitial cells in the testes

Question 21

function of Estrogen

Answer 21

stimulates female secondary sex characteristics and stimulates the endometrium in preparation for pregnancy

Question 22

function of progesterone

Answer 22

develop the uterus for pregnancy

Question 23

function of HCG

Answer 23

hormone secreted during pregnancy by the placenta which stimulates production of progesterone by ovaries

Question 24

function of prolactin

Answer 24

stimulates lactation

Question 25

function of Oxytocin

Answer 25

increased contractions of uterus during labour and stimulates production of milk. released by the pituitary gland

Question 26

function of testosterone

Answer 26

stimulates spermatogenisis and is also important in the development of secondary sex characteristics

Question 27

what is hfirst stage of the menstrual cycle and it’s function?

Answer 27

Follicle stage: hypothalamus releases GnRH stimulating the pituitary to release FSH and stimulate follicles. the follicles mature and produce estrogen estrogen stimulates the endometrium to develop. High levels of estrogen inhibits release of FSH and promotes release of LH

Question 28

what is the second stage of the menstrual cycle and it’s function

Answer 28

Ovulation: Lh causes follicle to rupture releasing the egg

Question 29

what is the third stage of the menstrual cycle and it’s function?

Answer 29

Corpus Lutuel stage: LH causes the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
-The CL releases estrogen to maintain the endometrium and progesterone which prevents uterine contractions

Question 30

what is the fourth and final stage of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 30

Menstruation, Flow phase: -If fertilization does not occur, LH levels drop, the CL breaks down, progesterone and estrogen levels fall
-Because of low levels of progesterone, uterine contractions are initiated and the endometrium, the egg, blood and tissue leave via the vagina
-FSH levels begin to rise

Question 31

what are the events that occur during the birthing process.

Answer 31

Uterine contractions, which are stimulated by the hormone oxytocin, begin labor and the cervix begins to dilate. The amniotic membrane enters the birth canal and usually ruptures. This breaking of the water lubricates the birth canal. Relaxin, a hormone produced by the placenta, helps loosen ligaments within the pelvis allowing for easier exit from the body.

Question 32

what is the difference between sterility and impotence

Answer 32

Sterility: Cannot produce viable sex cells
Impotence: Cannot gain or maintain an erection

Question 33

function of the placenta

Answer 33

temporary organ that forms in uterus during pregnancy. It feeds the baby and filters the waste

Question 34

what is in-vitro Fertilization

Answer 34

joining of woman’s egg and a man’s sperm in a laboratory

Question 35

What does birth control do

Answer 35

Contains high levels of estrogen and progesterone inhibiting ovulation. This will prevent the release of an egg. The estrogen maintains the endometrium menstruation does not occur and progesterone prevents uterine contractions.