Human Relations School

Question 1

Who are the four key figures of the Human Relations School?

Answer 1

Elton Mayo, Abraham Maslow, Douglas McGregor, Frederick Herzberg

Question 2

What is Elton Mayo known for?

Answer 2

Hawthorne experiments

Question 3

What is Abraham Maslow known for?

Answer 3

Hierarchy of needs

Question 4

What is Douglas McGregor known for?

Answer 4

Theory X and theory Y

Question 5

What is Frederick Herzberg known for?

Answer 5

Two-factor theory of job motivation

Question 6

What did the Hawthorne experiments (Elton Mayo) demonstrate?

Answer 6

Social factors are more important than economic factors; informal groups, collaboration and belongingness are factors that increase workers’ productivity and motivation

Question 7

What are the five levels of Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Answer 7

Physiological needs (fundamental); safety needs; belongingness; esteem and respect; self-actualization

Question 8

What is the Theory x? (Douglas McGregor)

Answer 8

People cannot be trusted, since they are irrational, unreliable and lazy. They need to be controlled and motivated by financial incentives and threats of punishment. Without this control people will pursue their own goals, which are in conflict with those of the organization

Question 9

What is the Theory Y? (Douglas McGregor)

Answer 9

People seek independence, self-development and creativity in their work. They can see further than immediate circumstances and are able to adapt to new ones. They are fundamentally moral and responsible beings who (if treated as such) will strive for the good of their work organization.

Question 10

What is the Two factor theory of job motivation? (Frederick Herzberg)

Answer 10

There are hygiene factors and motivation factors. If the hygiene factors are present worker will be NOT DISSATISFIED, but if they aren’t, workers will be DISSATISFIED. If motivation factors are present workers will feel SATISFIED, but if they are absent, workers will feel NOT SATISFIED.

Question 11

What factor is the quality of supervision? (Herzberg)

Answer 11

Hygiene

Question 12

What factor is the salary/pay? (Herzberg)

Answer 12

Hygiene

Question 13

What factor is the company policies? (Herzberg)

Answer 13

Hygiene

Question 14

What factor is the physical working conditions? (Herzberg)

Answer 14

Hygiene

Question 15

What factor is the relationships / colleague relations? (Herzberg)

Answer 15

Hygiene

Question 16

What factor is the job security? (Herzberg)

Answer 16

Hygiene

Question 17

What factor is the promotional opportunities? (Herzberg)

Answer 17

Motivation

Question 18

What factor is the Opportunities for personal growth? (Herzberg)

Answer 18

Motivation

Question 19

What factor is the recognition? (Herzberg)

Answer 19

Motivation

Question 20

What factor is the responsibility? (Herzberg)

Answer 20

Motivation

Question 21

What factor is the Achievement? (Herzberg)

Answer 21

Motivation

Question 22

What are the criticisms of the Human Relations School?

Answer 22

Hawthorne experiments are flawed; intrinsic rewards are weak; portrays people as irrational and emotionally immature; no empirical support of Maslow’s motivation theory