Human population Flashcards
1
Q
human population statistics
A
- global population growth rate has followed an exponential curve
- each year 90 million people are born
- half of the 7.1 billion people alive live in poverty
2
Q
fertility rate
A
the number of births per thousand women of child bearing age
3
Q
effects of fertility rate
A
- fertility rates higher than 2 result in population increase
- lower than 2 results in population decrease
4
Q
crude birth rate
A
the number of births per thousand individuals
5
Q
human development index
A
measures the well being of a country
6
Q
LEDC
A
- less industrialised
- population has lower GDP
- many people in poor standards of living
- high population growth
7
Q
MEDC
A
- industrialised with high GDP
- relatively rich population
- low population growth rates
8
Q
human population growth and resources
A
- more people requires more resources
- more people produce more waste
9
Q
malthusian theory
A
- food supply is main limit to population growth
- human population increases geometrically
- population cannot go past how much optimum resources can support
10
Q
boserups theory
A
- as population increases, technology is stimulated to increase food production
- rise in population acts as an incentive
- can lead to unsustainable farming practices
11
Q
reasons for large families
A
- high infant mortality
- security in old age
- unavailability of contraceptives
12
Q
population pyramid stages
A
stage 1 - high birth rate, high death rate
stage 2 - high birth rate, fall in death rate
stage 3 - declining birth rate, low death rate, more living to old age
stage 4 - low birth rate, low death rate, long life expectancy
13
Q
natural capital
A
a resource which has some value to humans
14
Q
natural income
A
the rate of replacement of a particular resource or a natural capital
15
Q
renewable capital
A
- living species and ecosystems
-non living items such as groundwater and the ozone layer
