Human physiology review questions chapter 1

Question 1

Define physiology.

Answer 1

The scientific study of the functions of our body.

Question 2

What are the basic cell functions?

Answer 2

Obtaining food and oxygen from the environment, converting the nutrients to provide energy, eliminating wastes, synthesizing essential proteins and such, controlling material exchange, moving materials to other cells while carrying out cell activities, responding to stimuli, reproducing (generally).

Question 3

Distinguish between the external environment and the internal environment. What constitutes the internal environment?

Answer 3

The external environment is the outside of the body while the internal environment of the body is the interstitial fluid.

Question 4

What fluid compartments make up the internal environment?

Answer 4

The extracellular fluid is the internal environment of the body.

Question 5

Define homeostasis.

Answer 5

The ability of a cell or organism to regulate its internal conditions, typically using feedback systems.