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ANAPHY > Human Organism > Flashcards

Human Organism Flashcards

1
Q

Protection, temperature regulation, sensation

A

integumentary

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2
Q

Support, protection, movement, mineral/fat storage, blood

A

skeletal

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3
Q

Movement, posture, heat production

A

muscular

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4
Q

Control/regulation/coordination of other systems, sensation, memory

A

nervous

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5
Q

Control/regulation of other systems

A

endocrine

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6
Q

Exchange and transport of materials

A

cardiovascular

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7
Q

Immunity, fluid balance

A

lymphatic

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8
Q

Gas exchange, acid-base balance

A

respiratory

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9
Q

Breakdown and absorption of nutrients, elimination of waste

A

digestive

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10
Q

Excretion of waste, fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance

A

urinary

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11
Q

Continuity of genetic information (reproduction)

A

male reproductive

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12
Q

Reproduction, nurturing of offspring

A

female reproductive

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13
Q

• Existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body

A

HOMEOSTASIS

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14
Q

• Homeostatic mechanisms such as _____ and ______ normally maintain body temperature near an ideal normal value, or set point.

A

sweating and shivering

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15
Q

• Mechanism that maintains homeostasis

A

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM

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16
Q

component of negative feedback mechanism that is part of the brain establishes the set point around which the variable is maintained

A

Control center

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17
Q

component of negative feedback mechanism that monitors the value of a variable, such as body temperature

A

Receptor

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18
Q

component of negative feedback mechanism that can change the value of the variable such as the sweat glands

A

Effector

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19
Q

Deviation from set point becomes even greater.

This stimulates additional contractions, which result in additional stretching.

A

POSITIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM

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20
Q
  • The subject stands erect with the face directed forward
  • The upper extremities are placed at the sides.
  • The palms of the hands are turned forward
A

Anatomical Position

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21
Q

• The subject is lying face upward

A

Supine

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22
Q

• The subject is lying face downward

A

Prone

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23
Q

Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body

A

Superior

above, up

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24
Q

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body

A

Inferior

below, down

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25
Q

Towards or at the front of the body, ventral mean belly

A

Anterior (front, ventral)

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26
Q

Towards the back of the body; behind

A

Posterior (back, dorsal)

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27
Q

Closer to the origin of the body part, or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.

A

Proximal (nearest)

28
Q

Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.

A

Distal (distant)

29
Q

Toward or at the midline of the body

A

Medial

30
Q

Away from the midline of the body

A

Lateral

31
Q

body region which consists of the head, neck, and trunk

A

Central region

32
Q

divided into thorax (chest), abdomen and pelvis

A

Trunk

33
Q

subdivided superficially into four sections / quadrants

A

Abdomen

34
Q

divided into the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand

A

Upper limb

35
Q

divided into the thigh, leg, ankle, and foot

A

Lower limb

36
Q

Divides the body into anterior and posterior sections

A

Frontal or Coronal Plane

37
Q

Divides the body into superior and inferior sections

A

Transverse or Horizontal Plane

38
Q

lies vertically and divides the body into right and left parts.

A

Sagittal Plane

39
Q

a transverse section but cut at a diagonal angle

A

Oblique Plane

40
Q

spaces within the body that help protect, separate, and support internal organs.

A

BODY CAVITIES

41
Q

Cushions and protects the CNS

A

Dorsal Body Cavities

42
Q

2 types of Dorsal Body Cavities

A

Spinal/Vertebral Cavity and Cranial cavity

43
Q

protects the spinal cord.

A

Spinal/Vertebral Cavity

44
Q

protects the brain.

A

Cranial cavity

45
Q

provides protection and allow organ movement.

A

Ventral Body Cavities

46
Q

2 types of Ventral Body Cavities

A

Thoracic cavity and

Abdominopelvic cavity

47
Q

surrounded by the ribs and muscles of the chest

A

Thoracic cavity

48
Q

3 types of thoracic cavity

A
  1. Pleural cavities
  2. Mediastinum
  3. Pericardial
49
Q

Lies below the diaphragm

A

Abdominopelvic cavity

50
Q

Stomach, intestines, spleen, liver

A

• Abdominal cavity

51
Q

Bladder, rectum, and some reproductive organs

A

• Pelvic cavity

52
Q

a thin double layered membrane that covers the ventral body cavity and outer surface of the organs.

A

SEROUS MEMBRANES

53
Q

the layer of the membrane that lines the walls of the cavity. (outer)

A

Parietal serosa

54
Q

the layer that covers the organs in the cavity. (inner)

A

Visceral serosa

55
Q

a lubrication found between the two serosa membranes

A

Serous fluid

56
Q

surrounds the heart

A

PERICARDIAL CAVITY -

57
Q

covers the heart

A

Visceral Pericardium

58
Q

forms the outer layer if the sac

A

Parietal Pericardium

59
Q

the fluid-filled cavity is the space between the visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium.

A

Pericardial Cavity

60
Q

surrounds the lungs

A

PLEURAL CAVITY

61
Q

it covered each lung

A

Visceral pleura

62
Q

lines the inner surface of the thoracic wall, the lateral surfaces of the mediastinum, and the superior surface of the diaphragm.

A

Parietal pleura

63
Q

located between the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura and contains pleural fluid.

A

Pleural cavity

64
Q

is an inflammation of the appendix that is usually caused by a bacterial infection.

A

Appendicitis

65
Q

Parts of the peritoneum that hold the abdominal organs in place and provide a passageway for blood vessels and nerves to organs

A

MESENTERIES

ANAPHY (2 decks)

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