Human Nature - Philosophers Flashcards
What did Philosopher Martin Hollis suggest?
Humans have free will.
Suggests that humans think what they could have done differently
What did Rabbi Samuel suggest?
Suggests the existence of good and evil ( conflict ). Humans have the freedom to become and conduct themselves by free will.
What did Aristotle suggest?
Humans desire knowledge and pursue happiness. The pursuit of both are fundamental.
What did Jeremy Bentham suggest?
Humans seek physical pleasure rather than knowledge
What did John Stewart Mill suggest?
Humans who desire more in their life, will do anything to attain it - these types of people are more susceptible to suffering.
What did Thomas Hobbes suggest?
Humans act to satisfy their personal desires.
suggests that we interact and be altruistic so that we dominate over weaker individuals and soothe our conscience.
What did Joseph Butler suggest?
Humans have the desire to do something good for someone else.
suggests we can’t do good deeds unless we experience the incentive to give good deeds.
In regards to good and evil, what did Socrates believe in?
People cannot rationally and consciously choose to do evil.
in regards to good and evil, what did Butler believe in?
Believes that evil results when we violate our human nature and do self-interested deeds.
What did Mengzi believe in?
Humans are born good. Evil exists because goodness is not practiced.
What did Xun-zi believe in?
People are born with feelings of envy and jealousy.
Furthermore, people who desire goodness do good as it is in their nature.
