Human nature Flashcards
What is psychology defined as?
The science of behavior and mental processes
Psyche = “mind/soul” + Logos = “study of”
What are the roots of psychology?
Philosophy and physiology
When did psychology emerge as a unique science?
In the 1800s
What do psychologists today identify with?
Different theoretical perspectives and research specialties
What is a key question in the theories of being human?
What does it mean to be human?
What are the Christian assumptions about the nature of reality?
God, material existence that He created; Bible = general norms for living
What are the Christian assumptions about the nature of persons?
- Created in God’s image
- Relational
- Innately religious
- Responsible
What is the source of problems according to Christian assumptions?
Sinful rebellion; willful turning away from God
What does the psychoanalytic theory (Freud) state about the nature of reality?
Composed of matter alone
What does the psychoanalytic theory (Freud) suggest is the nature of people?
Animals with biological drives
What is the solution to problems according to psychoanalytic theory?
Uncover and resolve unconscious conflict
What does the behaviorist theory (Skinner) state about the nature of reality?
Composed of matter alone
What is the nature of people according to behaviorist theory (Skinner)?
Sophisticated and complex evolved animals
What is the solution to problems according to behaviorist theory?
Changing behaviors or environment
What does the cognitive theory (Ellis) state about the nature of reality?
Materialistic; God does not exist
What is the nature of people according to cognitive theory (Ellis)?
Highly evolved animals who have capacity for freedom, choice, and reason
What is the solution to problems according to cognitive theory?
Examine thinking patterns and change irrational beliefs
What does humanism (Rogers, Maslow) state about the nature of reality?
Composed of matter alone; no God
What is the basic human drive according to humanism?
To fulfill one’s potential, to ‘be all you can be’
What is the solution to problems according to humanism?
Find ways to meet your own needs toward self-fulfillment
What does the neurobiological theory state about the nature of reality?
Matter alone; no God
What is the nature of people according to neurobiological theory?
Biological beings
What is the solution to problems according to neurobiological theory?
Surgical or drug treatment
What does the Biopsychosocial (BPS) model include?
- Biological
- Psychological
- Social (culture, environment, situational)
