Human Movement Science Flashcards
Biomechanics
The science concerned with the internal and external force acting on the human body and the effects produced by these force
Superior/cranial
Positioned above a point of reference
Inferior/caudal
Refers to a position below a point of reference
Proximal
Refers to position nearest the center of the body or point of reference
Distal
Refers to a position away from the center of the body or point of reference
Anterior/Ventral
Refers to the position on or towards the front of the body
Posterior/dorsal
Refers to the position on or towards the back of the body
Medial
Refers to a position relatively closer to the midline of the body
Lateral
Refers to a position relatively further away from the midline or towards the outside of the body
Contralateral
Refers to a position on the opposite side of the body
The right foot is contralateral a lateral to the left hand
Ipsilateral
Refers to A position on the same side of the body
The right foot is Ipsilateral to the right hon
Anatomic position
The position with the body erect with the arms at the side and the palms forward
Sagittal plane
Motion and axis
An imaginary dissector that divisive body into left and right halves.
Flexion/extension
Coronal Axis
Frontal plane
Motion and axis
An imaginary bisector that divides the body into front and back house
Abduction and adduction
Axis: Anterior-posterior
Transverse plane
Motion and axis
An imaginary bisector that divides the body into top and bottom halves
Internal rotation/external rotation
Axis: longitudinal
Internal rotation
Rotation of a joint in towards the middle of the body
External rotation
The rotation of a joint away from the midline of the body
Horizontal adduction
The movement of the arms are thighs in the transverse plane from a lateral position to anterior position
Horizontal abduction
Movement of the arms are thighs in a transverse plane from the anterior position to the lateral position
Three muscle actions
Isotonic isometric Isokinetic
Force
And influence applied by one object to another, which results in acceleration or Deceleration of the second object
Length tension relationship
The resting length of a muscle and the tension in the muscle can produce this with resting length
Force couple relationship
Muscle groups move in together to produce movement around the
Rotary motion
Movement of a bone around the joint
Torque
A force that produce rotation
Motor behavior
Motor response to internal and external environment to stimuli
Motor control
How is essential nervous system integrates internal and External sensory information with previous experience to prove produce a Motor response
Motor learning
Integration of motor control processes throat practice and experience, leading to a relatively permanent change in the capacity to produce skilled movements
Muscle synergies
Group of muscles that are recruited by the central nervous system to provide movement
Proprioception
The cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from all the Mechanoreceptors that since position only movement
Sensorimotor integration
The conversation of the nervous and muscular system together and interpret information and execute movement