Human Movement Science Flashcards
A concept that describes the human body as a chain of interdependent links that work together to perform movement.
Kinetic chain
The concept describing the integrated functioning of multiple body systems or regions of the body.
Regional interdependence model
Extension occurring at the ankle. Pointing the foot downwards.
Plantar flexion
Flexion occurring at the ankle pointing upwards.
Dorsiflexion
A movement in the frontal plane away from the midline of the body.
Abduction
Movement in the frontal plane back toward the midline of the body.
Adduction
Bending of the spine from side to side.
Lateral flexion
A movement in which the inferior calcaneus (heel bone) moves laterally. The bottom of foot faces outward.
Eversion
A movement in which the inferior calcaneus (heel bone) moves medially. Bottom of foot faces inward.
Inversion
Inward rotation of the forearm from a palm-up position to a palm-down position.
Radioulnar pronation
Outward rotation of the forearm from a palm-down position to a palm-up position.
Radioulnar supination
Biomechanical motion of the lower extremities during walking, running, and sprinting.
Gait
When range of motion at a joint is limited.
Hypomobility
A state where a lack of neuromuscular support leads to a joint having more range of motion than it should, greatly increasing the risk of injury at that joint.
Hypermobility
The primary muscles providing force for a movement.
Agonists
Muscles that assist agonists to produce a movement.
Synergists
Muscles that contract isometrically to stabilize the trunk and joints as the body moves.
Stablilizers
When a muscle is automatically activated in anticipation of a movement.
Feed forward activation
Muscles on the opposite side of a joint that are in direct opposition of agonist muscles.
Antagonists
The resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can produce at this resting length.
Length-tension relationship
When an agonist receives a signal to contract, its functional antagonist also receives an inhibitory signal allowing it to lengthen.
Reciprocal inhibition
The transition from eccentric loading to concentric unloading during the stretch-shortening cycle.
Amortization phase
Springlike noncontractile component of muscle and tendon that stores elastic energy.
Series elastic component
The synergistic action of multiple muscles working together to produce movement around a joint.
Force-couple relationship
A force that produces rotation; common unit of measurement is the Newton meter (Nm).
Torque
