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ACE Lessons 9&10: Human Movement & Functional Assessments > Human Movement > Flashcards

Human Movement Flashcards

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1
Q

toward the front

A

anterior (ventral)

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2
Q

toward the back

A

posterior (dorsal)

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3
Q

toward the head

A

superior

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4
Q

away from the head

A

inferior

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5
Q

toward the midline of the body

A

medial

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6
Q

away from the midline of the body

A

lateral

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7
Q

toward the attached end of the limb, origin of the structure, or midline of the body

A

proximal

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8
Q

away from the attached end of the limb, origin of the structure, or midline of the body

A

distal

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9
Q

external; located close to or on the body surface

A

superficial

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10
Q

internal; located further beneath the body surface than the superficial structures

A

deep

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11
Q

regional term referring to the neck

A

cervical

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12
Q

regional term referring to the portion of the body between the neck and the abdomen; also known as the chest

A

thoracic

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13
Q

regional term referring to the portion of the body between the abdomen and the pelvis

A

lumbar

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14
Q

the side of bottom of the feet

A

plantar

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15
Q

the top surface of the feet and hands

A

dorsal

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16
Q

the anterior or ventral surface of the hands

A

palmar

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17
Q

a longitudinal (imaginary) line that divides the body or any of its parts into right and left sections

A

sagittal plane

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18
Q

a longitudinal (imaginary) line that divides the body or any of its parts into anterior and posterior parts

A

frontal plane

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19
Q

known as the horizontal plane; an imaginary line that divides the body or any of its parts into superior and inferior parts

A

transverse plane

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20
Q

means “joint”

A

arthro

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21
Q

means “two”

A

bi

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22
Q

means “arm”

A

brachium

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23
Q

means “heart”

A

cardio

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24
Q

means “head”

A

cephalo

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25
Q

means “cartilage”

A

chondro

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26
Q

means “rib”

A

costo

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27
Q

means “skin”

A

dermo

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28
Q

means “blood”

A

hemo, hemat

29
Q

means “ilium”

A

ilio

30
Q

means “muscle”

A

myo

31
Q

means “bone”

A

osteo, os

32
Q

means “lung”

A

pulmo

33
Q

means “chest”

A

thoraco

34
Q

means “three”

A

tri

35
Q

actions/movements in the sagittal plane

Mnemonic: FEDP - Fat Emperor Devours Pie

A

flexion, extension, dorsiflexion, plantarflexion

36
Q

actions/movements in the front plane

A

abduction, adduction, elevation, depression, inversion, eversion

37
Q

actions/movements in the transverse plane

A

rotation, pronation, supination, horizontal flexion (adduction), horizontal extension (abduction)

38
Q

actions/movements in the multiplanar plane

A

circumduction, opposition

39
Q

decreasing the angle between two bones

A

flexion

40
Q

increasing the angle between two bones

A

extension

41
Q

moving the top of the foot toward the shin (only at the ankle joint)

A

dorsiflexion

42
Q

moving the sole of foot downward; “pointing the toes” (only at the ankle)

A

plantarflexion

43
Q

motion away from the midline of the body (or part)

A

abduction

44
Q

motion toward the midline of the body (or part)

A

adduction

45
Q

moving to a superior position (only at the scapula)

A

elevation

46
Q

moving to an inferior position (only at the scapula)

A

depression

47
Q

lifting the medial border of the foot (only at the subtalar joint)

A

inversion

48
Q

lifting the lateral border of the foot (only at the subtalar joint)

A

eversion

49
Q

internal (inward) or external (outward) turning about the vertical axis of the bone

A

rotation

50
Q

rotating the hand and wrist medially from the elbow

A

pronation

51
Q

rotating the hand and wrist laterally from the elbow

A

supination

52
Q

from a 90-degree abducted shoulder or hip position, the humerus or femur, respectively, is flexed (adducted) in toward the midline of the body in the transverse plane

A

horizontal flexion (adduction)

53
Q

the return of the humerus or femur from horizontal flexion (adduction)

A

horizontal extension (abduction)

54
Q

motion that describes a “cone”; combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction in sequence

A

circumduction

55
Q

thumb movement unique to humans and primates

A

opposition

56
Q

assist the agonist muscle in causing a desired action; may act as joint stabilizers or may neutralize rotation or be activated when external resistance increases or the agonist becomes fatigued

A

synergist muscles

57
Q

when the agonist and antagonist contract together and a joint must be stabilized

A

co-contraction

58
Q

3 main types of muscle movement

A

1) static
2) concentric (shortening)
3) eccentric (lengthening)

59
Q

the range of uninhibited movement around a joint or body segment

A

joint mobility

60
Q

the ability to maintain or control joint movement or position

A

joint stability

61
Q

the point at which the body’s mass is considered to concentrate and where it is balances on either side in all planes

A

center of gravity (COG)

62
Q

a theoretical line passing through the center of gravity, dissecting the body into two hemispheres

A

line of gravity

63
Q

the areas of contact between the feet and their supporting surface and the area between the feet

A

base of support (BOS)

64
Q

3 things that encompass muscular balance

A

1) equal strength and flexibility on the right and left sides of the body (bilateral symmetry)
2) proportional strength ratios in opposing (agonist/antagonist) muscle groups, although may not be exactly equal
3) balance in flexibility, in that normal ranges of motion are achieved but not exceeded

65
Q

contribute to the creation of core stability

A

static and dynamic stabilizers

66
Q

static stabilizers

A

bony configuration of joints, fibrocartilages, and ligaments

67
Q

dynamic stabilizers

A

muscles

68
Q

T/F: Dynamic structures/stabilizers contribute more to core stability that static stabilizers.

A

True

ACE Lessons 9&10: Human Movement & Functional Assessments (2 decks)

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