Human impact 4

Question 1

Major threats to integrity of earths ecosystems

3) introduction of exotic (non-native) species

Cats?

Answer 1

During human colonization around the globe non-native species introduced for human consumption(pigs,goats)

rats colonized at the same time which led to a large decline of birds, mongoose introduced to kills rats but also kills birds

Cats kill kill 1,144 million 40% native species in Australia
Domestic cats in US kill 1.4-3.7 billion birds and 6.9-20.7 billion mammals annually- are likely the single greatest source of anthropogenic mortality for birds and mammals

Question 2

What are the most threatening things for all species?

Answer 2

Habitat loss-85% of species threatened

exotic species-50%
pollution-25%
exploitation-18%
disease-5%

Question 3

Major feature of extinction- on average a species persists for about—-in the fossil record before disappearing. A characteristic of natural extinction of a species is that____. No overall___. Occasionally____

Answer 3

1 million years
that is is replaced (usually outcompeted) by a different species (typically genetically related and in a similar niche). No overall trophies change in community. Occasionally complete changeover ex. dino’s to mammals

Question 4

On of the largest extinctions occurred in Australia where 34 marla’s disappeared. People thought that these species had____but this was later proved wrong

Answer 4

small pop and thus lack genetic diversity but found this was wrong suggest large pop and diverse species have offered little protection against the depredations of humans

Question 5

Hawaiian native birds have decline because?

Answer 5

Increased temp have allowed the spread of avian malaria

Question 6

Oceanic islands extinction rate of birds?
25km2?
1km2

Answer 6

25 extinction is 10% per 100 years
1km2 extinction rate is 50% per 100 years

Question 7

Arthropod decline in grasslands and forests are majorly from?

Answer 7

major driers of arthropod decline act at larger spatial scales and are (grasslands) associated with agriculture at the landscape level

Question 8

Most percent of species for birds happen in the ____habitat and the only are where it has gotten better is___

Answer 8

Grassland
Wetland

Question 9

Brief History of conservation

Answer 9

0) First Nations
1)1600-1800 European hunting preserves
2)1800-1830 Alexander con Humboldt-German naturalist(explorations in south and north america, first to link human activities and climate change)

3)18030-1865- George Perkins Marsh/Henry David Thoreau(American naturalist)

4) 1823-1913: Alfred Wallace British naturalist
5) Yosemite Valley protected 1864
6)Yellowstone park 1872
7)1875 Biosphere
8)1885 Banff
9) 1907 Jasper
10)1917 Mount Mckinley
11) 1948 World Consveration union
12)Aldo Leopold
13)1952 Serengeti Park
14) 1962 Silent Spring by Rachel Carson
15)1968 The pop bomb(pesticides)
16)1968- First colour photo from earth to moon
17)UN pop. Fund Birth Control
180 1970 First Earth Day
19) First Landsat Satellitle
20) 1975 CITES-Convention on international Trade in Endangered Species
21) 1988 Intergovernmental panel on climate change
22) 1992 The Diversity of life
23) 1992 Ecological food print

Question 10

Aldo Leopold-

Answer 10

A sand county Almanac and sketches here and there

Question 11

CITES explain

Answer 11

Convention on international trade in endangered species

-183 countries by 2016
-Three categories
1.threatened with extinction.Permits required ex. tiger

2.Not threatened but vulnerable. No permits ex. great white shark

3.Legal trade with restrictions