Human Herpes Virus Flashcards
Describe the three major human herpes virus families
Alphaherpesvirinae - HHV 1/2/3. Short replication cycle. Cytolytic. Remain within sensory ganglia after primary infection. Invade through interference with MHC1
Betaherepesvirinae - HHV 5/6/7. Long replication cycle. Cytomegalic. Latent infection affects lymphatics, secretory glands and kidneys
Gammaherpesvirinae - latency within T or B cells
How are HHVs transmitted
Oral secretions - HS1, VZV, HHV6, HHV7, EBV
Genital secretions - HSV2
Genital and oral secretions - CMV, HHV8
Describe HSV 1 and 2 infections
Primary infection of orogenital ulceration and paronychia
Latency site in neurones
Recurrent infection - asymptomatic, cold sores, genital herpes, skin eruptions
Complications - meningitis, encephalitis, keratitis, eczema herpeticum
Describe VZV infections
Primary infection of varicella (chickenpox)
Remains latent in dorsal root ganglia
Recurrent infection of zoster (shingles)
Complicaitons - pneumonitis, hepatitis, encephalitis, ataxia, keratitis, neuralgia
Describe CMV infections
Primary infection of mononucleosis-like infection
Recurrent infection asymptomatic
COmplications - pneumonia, retinitis, oesophagitis, colitis, enteritis, hepatitis
Describe EBV infections
Primary infection of infectious mononucleosis
Remains latent in B cells
Recurrent infection asymptomatic
Complications - Burkitt’s lymphoma, encephalitis, hepatitis
Describe HHV 6 and 7 infections
Primary infection of febrile illness with exanthema
Recurrent infection asymptomatic
Complications include meningoencephalitis
Describe HHV8 infections
Primary and recurrent infections unkown
Complication is Kaposi’s sarcoma
Which HHVs have oncogenic potential
HSV1/2 and CMV - carcinogenic
HHV8 - Kaposi’s sarcoma
EBV - B cell lymphoma, Burkitt’s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma
What is the treatment for HSV and ZVZ
Acyclovir
Valacyclovir
What is the treatment for CMV and resistant HSV
Cidofovir
What is the treatmnent for CMV and EBV
Ganciclovir
