Human herpes virus

Question 1

HIV enters trigeminal … and migrates to

Answer 1

trigeminal sensory neurone

migrate to trigeminal ganglion

Question 2

Reactivation by

Answer 2

UV light
Stress
Illness
Immune suppression

Question 3

HSV1 mainly oral infections such as

Answer 3

Herpetic gingivostomatitis (incubation period 3-10 days)
Malaise, pyrexia, lymphadopathy

Question 4

Investigations for herpes simplex 1

Answer 4

1) Look for viral DNA with PCR
2) Antibody response to virus
3) growing virus in culture?

Question 5

PCR temperatures and steps

Answer 5

95–> 55 –> 72

1) denature, 2) anneal primer 3)extension, amplification

Question 6

management of herpes simplex 1

Answer 6

Acylovir - 200mg for 5 days.
Soft diet and fluids
Analgesics/antipyretics
Local antiseptics e.g. chlorhexidine
Cross infection control
topical analgesics

Question 7

HSV-2 causes mainly what infections

Answer 7

Genital infections- Herpes labialis -cold sores

Question 8

Clinical features of HSV2

Answer 8

crusting lesions last 7-10days
Prodromal - irritation
blisters at junction of lips

Question 9

Clinical features of HSV1

Answer 9

Gingivitis with Erythema and sloughing (shredding)

Malaise, pyrexia, lymphadenopathy

Question 10

Management of HSV2

Answer 10

Acyclovir cream

OTC antibacterial agents

Question 11

Action of acyclovir

Answer 11

inhibits virus replication by phosphorylating it, to ACV-P which stop dna synthesis

Question 12

Herpetic whitlow

Answer 12

HSV 1 or 2. Herpetic infection from handling the oral tissues with active or secondary HSV. Wear gloves

Question 13

HSV1 encephalitis

Answer 13

Effects frontal lobes of the brain
Over 50y/o
headache and behavioural changes, fever

Question 14

HSV2 in neonates can cause

Answer 14

Skin rash, lesions, CNS symptoms, virus present in the liver, lung and adrenal glands, respiratory distress, fit and convulsions, raised intracranial pressure

Question 15

HSV3 causes primary… and secondary

Answer 15

Varicella zoster and herpes voster

Question 16

Herpes voster in prehaptic: Neuralgia

Answer 16

Pain in the distribution of the affected division of the trigem neuralgia. May mimic dental pain
rash: vesicles in the distribution of a branch of trigem nerve
Post herpetic neuralgia: burning pain
can involve eyes -glaucoma, cataract, double vision and scarring of the cornea

Question 17

HSV4

Answer 17

Glandular fever
Burkitts lymphoma: B cell malignancy
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: epithelial cell malignancy

Question 18

HSV5

Answer 18

Cytomegalovirus
Large ragged oral mucosal ulcers
Salivary gland swelling
Retinitis

Question 19

HSV8

Answer 19

In AID’s patients can cause Kaposi’s sarcoma: neoplasm of endothelial cells