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Nursing > Human Genetics > Flashcards

Human Genetics Flashcards

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1
Q

DNA: consists of (3)

A

> Deoxyribose
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous base

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2
Q

DNA Nitrogenous Base consists of: (4)

A 
DNA Nitrogenous Base:
>Adenine
>Thymine
>Cytosine
>Guanine
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3
Q

Amino acids are formed from:

A

> Proteins

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4
Q

Ribosomes synthesize :

A

> Proteins

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5
Q

RNA:types of

A

> Messenger (mRNA)
Ribosomal (rRNA)
Transfer (tRNA)

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6
Q

Messenger RNA (mRNA): function and where it’s produced

A

> produced in Transcription

>carries Genetic info from DNA to Ribosomes

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7
Q

Ribosomal (rRNA): forms

A

> forms structural components of Ribosomes

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8
Q

Transfer (tRNA): function

A

> Carries the Amino Acids to Ribosomes

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9
Q

Codons: how and where are they grouped?

A

> grouped in 3 neucleotides on Messenger RNA (mRNA)

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10
Q

How many: Codons and Amino Acids?

A

> 64 Codons

>20 Amino Acids

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11
Q

Chromosomes consist of:

A

> Genes

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12
Q

Genes: definition and made of

A

> are units of Genetic info

>made up of DNA

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13
Q

Allele

A

> is a trait or variation of a gene

ie: Blue eyes

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14
Q

Genotype: formed by

A

> formed by all the genes

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15
Q

Phenotype

A

> the physical manifestation of genes

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16
Q

Nucleus: functions (2), contain

A

> responsible for Passing along Genetic Traits
regulates the DNA of a cell
Contains Chromosomes

17
Q

Chromosomes

A

> thread-like rods of DNA

18
Q

Helicase: function

A

> unwinds the DNA

19
Q

Primase:functions

A

> lays down RNA Primers on strands

20
Q

Ligase: function

A

> glues DNA together

21
Q

DNA Polymerase III: function

A

> builds DNA off RNA Primers

22
Q

DNA Polymerase 1: function

A

> replaces RNA with DNA

23
Q

Histones: what are they? And what’s their function?

A

> are organizational Proteins

>help keep DNA from getting tangled

24
Q

Plasmids

A

> pieces of DNA

25
Q

Mitochondrion (-dria): functions (5)

A 
>cell Energy via ATP
>cell Cycle and Growth
>cell Signaling
>cell Differentiation
>Aerobic respiration
26
Q

Mitosis: produces, occurs in

A

> produces genetically Identical cells
occurs Asexually
occurs in: Humans, Animals, and Plants

27
Q

Meiosis: produces, occurs in

A

> produces genetically Different cells

>occurs in humans, animals, and plants

Nursing (9 decks)

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