Human Flourishinh Flashcards
uses religious and moral principles to the question of human flourishing in an essay entitled “Buddhist Economics”
E.F Schumacher
one of the requirements of the Buddha’s Noble Eightfold Path
Right Livelihood
spiritual health and material well being are?
not enemies. allies
there exists a ________________ in tradional western economics, when it is pre occupied with a type of self-righteousness, which puts puts premium on goods over people or utility over creativity
misunderstanding
Schumacher further explains that some scientists, _______ to be exact, think that their science is _______, they suffer from a certain blindness when they treat their field as a positive science and not as ___________ with certain set of assumptions
economists, absolute, social science
is human flourishing an objective reality based on an objective criteria?
No, it is more complicated than mere physical and mechanical movements
_____________ we reduce ourselves to robots, machines and objects, this sensibility stems the negative thinking toward _____, and the _______________
human flourishing mechanical
work
difficulty of experiencing satisfying work
if all we do is focused on the aquisition of ____ and ______, we see ourselves pushing too much and exerting unnecessary effort to be someone we are not
wealth, becoming rich
it is undeniable, say Schumacher, that ________ is human labor
source of wealth
modern economies have understood labor from two opposing perspectives.
perspective of employer, perspective of workforce
understood as cost in the process, removed by automation
perspective of employer
perspective of workforce
disutility
by disutility, Schumacher refers to ________ as a letting go of leisure and comfort
labor
are understood as kind of compensation for the sacrifices made
wages
envision “an output without employees”
employers
envisions “income without payment”
workforce
if work is treated as something to escape and run away from, then every attempt to ______ workload is preferable. the more we are able to make processes that decrease labor, the better. This explains why companies tend to _____. but because it is expensive, companies engage in the process of dividing ________
reduce, automate, labor
___________ is also the introduction to specialization, splitting of processes into smaller parts
- produce efficiency of labor
-faster and accountability
- understood as progress
- misunderstood as human flourishing
labor
Schumacher challenges this understanding of human flourishing using __________
Buddhist point of view
in Buddhist perspective, _______ is understood as : to give a man a chance to utilize and develop his faculties, to enable him to overcome his ego-centeredness by joining with other people in a common tasks, and bring forth the goods and services needed for a becoming existence
labor
if we understand work _________, Schumacher argues that it is _______ because it focuses on goods rather than people; this lacks compassion, inhumane
negatively, criminal
two types of automation/mechanization
enhances the skill and power of humanity, reduces human work to a mechanical slave
if our understanding of human flourishing simply constitutes automation/ mechanization, then we become ________
victims of slaves, not the vision of human flourishing we intend to push forward
Schumacher further distinguishes Buddhist economics with ________, this distinction is based on the perspective that civilization is not about “duplication of wants and desires as it is “the purification of _________”
economics of modern materialism, human character
For Buddhist, ________ is formed, as well as it is a consequence of human labor. since it is _________ that is concerned here, it is determined by the condition of human dignity and freedom and blesses who do it and equally their products.
character, human labor
it is worth nothing that this different and more eastern disposition does not propose a denial and a departure of material world; instead it pushes forward __________
human integration
_______ concerned merely with production of goods and the accumulation of wealth while ______ is all about type of liberation that is not against physical being
materialist perspective
buddhist perspective
it is not technology or money that hinders and prevents the way of salvation from this perspective; instead, it is the __________ is the enemy of salvation. it is not wrong to enjoy pleasurable things; it is wrong to live ________ for them
attachment to money and wealth, craving
Schumacher’s claim in Buddhist economics highlight two things:
nonviolence and simplicity
______________ is human flourishing does not entail big or huge things, but tiny or small means that lead to a satisfactory result
___________ priotizes productivity over presence
This is considered weird by ________ who considers consumption only as an indicator and means to human well-being, but not a sole determinant for well-being.
Schumacher’s economists perspective
consumerist culture, buddhist economist
________ then, cannot be understood as a vis-a-vis consumption, not a mark of what it means to be human.
However, ________ looks at consumption as the “sole end and purpose of all economic activity” and considers the many factors of production only as means.
what economics do is to maximize the _______ by stimulating the desire of consumption
Human-flourishing, economics, human drive
when considering ______________, it seems like the best manner of consumption entails producing optimal human satisfaction, while utilizing a relatively low rate of consumption - nonviolence and simplicity
-life with out strain and pressure
human flourishing Buddhist-style
central injuction of Buddhism
“cease to do evil, try to do good”
as physical resources are scarce, the people’s drive to modestly satisfying their needs are more ________ than people who depend on high rate of consumption and use.
sustainable
local communities that are ________ are less involved in large-scale violence.
Issues of ________ are concerns of human flourishing.
self-sufficient , sustainability
from the point of view of Buddhist economics, production from local resources for local needs is the most _________ while dependence on imports from afar and the consequent need to produce for export to unknown and distant peoples is _____________ only in the exceptional cases and on a small circle
rational way of economic life, highly economic and justifiable
if we are flourish as a specie, it needs to based on ____________
lifestyles that are totally sustainable
