Human Factors Flashcards
Under normal circumstances how often does the cycle of inhaling and exhaling take place?
12-15 minutes
What is the definition of hypoxia?
When our cells do not receive the oxygen they need.
What are the 4 steps required for oxygen to enter the bloodstream?
- Lungs must be able to transfer sufficient oxygen to the bloodsteam.
- The blood must be able to absorb sufficient oxygen.
- The bloodstream must be able to move the oxygen to the cells.
- The cells must be able to absorb the oxygen from the bloodstream.
What is the difference between Hypoxic Hypoxia and Anemic Hypoxia?
Hypoxic hypoxia is when not enough oxygen goes into the lungs or the lungs cannot transfer sufficient oxygen to the bloodstream. This is most common for pilots.
Anemic hypoxia is when there IS enough oxygen in the lungs but he blood cannot carry it in sufficient quantities.
What is the difference between Histotoxic Hypoxia and Stagnant Hypoxia.
Histotoxic hypoxia occurs when the cells are incapable of utilizing the oxygen in the bloodstream. The most common cause of histotoxic hypoxia is being under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
Stagnant hypoxia occurs when there is sufficient oxygen in the bloodstream but the blood does not carry it efficiently to the cells. This is rarely a majoy=r problem for most pilots. It usually occurs only when pilots suffers from diseases of the arteries. Can also be brought on by high G-Forces.
What are the general effects of hypoxia?
Your thinking gets confused and you are less able to make good decisions. Your body increases its respiration in an attempt to get more oxygen. You will feel dizzy, have a headache and motor function will be impaired.
What are some symptoms of hypoxia?
Euphoria, poor performance, confusion, impaired judgement, increased respiration, poor co-orgination, unconsciousness, dizziness, nausea, headaches, tingling, aggression, blurring, tunnel vision.
What is the definition of hyperventilation?
Breathing that is too fast and too deep.
When this happens, your lungs end up with too much oxygen and too little carbon dioxide, a condition that changes the acidity of the blood.
This acidity in turn constricts the arteries to the brain and reduces the blood supply. You may notice dizziness, clamminess, and a sensation of tight bank around your head.
How to solve hyperventilation?
Deliberately holding the breath, slowing the rate of breathing.
