Human Factors Flashcards
What is human factors
refers to any factor that can influence human activity
What are the error types
Active errors
Latent errors
What is a motor program
An activity that requires little conscious effort (e.g. driving a car)
What are automatic or skill based erroes
correct intentions but incorrect executions
What are the two kinds of conscious performance
Rule based (if……then….) and Knowledge (decisions based upon prior knowledge) based
When do rule based errors generally occur
lack of procedural knowledge
applying wrong rule for the situation
When do knowledge based errors occur
When we don’t have the knowledge to deal with a situation
failure in logic and reasoning
what performance category does skill-based performance fall under
automatic
What does the shell model focus on
The system, not just the individual
what does SHELL stand for
Software (checklists, manuals, procedures)
Hardware (tools, machines)
Environment
Liveware interactions (other players in the event)
Central liveware
What are the 5 major factors in personality
Introversion/extroversion Neuroticism Openness to experience Agreeableness Conscientiousness
What is the “trans-cockpit authority gradient”
Where a difference in flight crew experience/company positions allows for gaps in authority
e.g. Captain and junior copilot=steep gradient
Captain and captain= flat gradient
What are the two types of stress
Acute and Chronic
What does the sympathetic nervous system do
Gets our body ready for action
What does the parasympathetic nervous system do
Repairs our body after fight or flight response
What are the three different types of memory
Sensory
Long-term
Working
Sensory memory composes of
Iconic buffer (images up to 1 second) 0.3s Echoic buffer (sounds up to 8 seconds)
Sensory memory capacity is
7 +/- 2
In general, a stressed pilot will
be less willing to make decisions
Shifts responsibility
Becomes indecisive
What is omission
omitting an action (forgetting the landing gear)
What is error
incorrect response to a given stimulus
What is queing
Delaying necessary actions in an inappropriate order of priority
What is filtering
Rejection of certain tasks due to overload
What is approximation
Approximating a technique in order to cope
What is coning of attention
Decreasing attention scan
What is regression
Reverting back to old, well-known patterns
What is escape
Freezing up completely
What are the two types of workloads
Qualitative
Quantitative
What is vigilance
A state of awareness of external sensory input
