Human Evolution Terms

Question 1

Introgression

Answer 1

Transfer of genetic material between species as a result of hybridization and backcrossing

Question 2

Homo erectus

Answer 2

Known for upright walking, human-like body proportions, fires, and hunting

Question 3

Homo habilis

Answer 3

Know for tool use, “handyman”, longer arms and more jaw protrusion than humans, truly bipedal

Question 4

Australopithecus

Answer 4

Known for walking and tree dwelling, long arms, short legs, small brains, large, muscular faces

Question 5

Laetoli footprints

Answer 5

Discovered in Tanzania, showed that Austrolopithecus walked heel-toe like modern humans

Question 6

Hominins

Answer 6

A species that evolved after the split with the chimpanzee lineage, defined by bipedalism, upright posture, larger brain, and fully opposable thumbs

Question 7

Apes

Answer 7

characterized by more motion in the shoulder joint (for swinging), support upper body on knuckles, and larger brains than monkeys

Question 8

Platyrrhini (American monkeys)

Answer 8

All arboreal, most have prehensile tails, and broad noses

Question 9

Catarrhini (African and Asian monkeys + apes)

Answer 9

Arboreal or ground-dwelling, narrow, downward-pointed noses, tails not prehensile, often reduces

Question 10

Primates

Answer 10

Adaptations for swinging and climbing trees, nails instead of claws, larger brains, and about one offspring per pregnancy